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1
Content available remote Szkło fasadowe z powłokami wielofunkcyjnymi
PL
W artykule omówiono charakterystykę i rolę powłok stosowanych w oszkleniach budowlanych. Dokonano identyfikacji wybranych wielofunkcyjnych energooszczędnych i/lub samoczyszczących powłok wykorzystywanych w konstrukcjach fasad wielkopowierzchniowych przez przedstawienie wyników badań ich składu chemicznego i grubości. Wyznaczono parametry świetlne i energetyczne wybranych szkieł. Porównano otrzymane charakterystyki spektrofotometryczne. Dokonano analizy wpływu właściwości świetlnych i energetycznych badanych szkieł powłokowych na efekty praktyczne związane z użytkowaniem oszkleń z podkreśleniem ich wielofunkcyjności.
EN
The article discusses the characteristics and role of the coatings used in construction glazing. Identified selected multifunctional energy saving and self-cleaning coatings used in large surface facade designs by presenting results of their chemical composition and thickness. The light and energy parameters of selected glasses were determined. The obtained spectrophotometric characteristics were compared. An analysis of the influence of the light and energy properties of the investigated coatings on the practical effects of using glazing with emphasis on their multifunctionality.
2
Content available remote Spectral characteristics and structure of porous glasses
EN
The paper presents a method for the size estimation of scattering structures in porous glasses, being based on measurements of both the sample reflection and transmission. Analysis of the transmission spectra allows us to estimate the contribution of absorption and scattering to light extinction and to choose a wave range where the characteristics of a medium can be determined by means of simple and effective models. Optical characteristics of the highly light scattering samples can be obtained with use of the Gurevich-Kubelka-Munk method.
EN
Changes in the optical characteristics in synthetic sapphire specimens produced by microsecond pulse irradiation with a stream of hydrogen ions of energies ranging up to tens keV have been observed. Data on decrease in the optical reflection, measured within the wavelength range of 200 900 nm, are presented. This characterization is compared with the data received by optical and atomic force microscopy as well as by lattice structure analysis performed with X-rays. The measurements indicate that the changes of optical parameters are not a consequence of absorption increase and/or sapphire decomposition. They result from modifications of the morphology and structure of surface layer of the sapphire samples, induced by irradiation.
4
Content available remote Porous glass: inhomogeneities and light transmission.
EN
Basic optical characteristics were studied to reveal the structure of porous glass samples. Acid leaching technology was used to manufacture porous glasses from the bulk of phase-separated alkali borosilicate glasses. The transmission electron microscopy, selected area diffraction and shadow graph techniques, optical microscopy and spectrophotometry, reflective ellipsometry were used to obtain new information about some inhomogeneities such as strata and spindle-like silica precipitates as well as boron containing microcrystalline phases inside porous glasses.
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