Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

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Monitoring rynku programów geodezyjnych wykorzystywanych do opracowania mapy do celów projektowych na terenie powiatu krakowskiego

Mika M., Przewięźlikowska A., Siejka M.

Czasopismo Inżynierii Lądowej, Środowiska i Architektury / Journal of Civil Engineering, Environment and Architecture

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2015

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z. 62, nr 3/II

301--313

PL

W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono ekonomiczny, techniczny i użytkowy aspekt wykorzystania programów komputerowych do realizacji jednej z najczęściej wykonywanych prac geodezyjnych, opracowania mapy do celów projektowych. Badania przeprowadzono w odniesieniu do czterech najczęściej stosowanych programów: MicroStation z nakładką MK2013, C-Geo, EwMapa, Mikro-Map. Wybór programów oparto o wyniki badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych wśród 30 wybranych losowo firm działających na terenie powiatu krakowskiego. Ocenę użyteczności wskazanych programów wykonano na bazie pomiaru sytuacyjno-wysokościowego wybranego obiektu wielkokubaturowego. Dane w postaci współrzędnych punktów w terenie pozyskano przy zastosowaniu najnowszych technologii pomiarowych. Nadrzędnym celem przeprowadzonych badań była próba weryfikacji możliwości wykorzystania niniejszych programów pod kątem wymogów stawianych wykonawcom prac geodezyjnych przez Ośrodki Dokumentacji Geodezyjnej i Kartograficznej. Całość zagadnienia rozpatrzono w aspekcie aktualnie obowiązujących przepisów prawa, dotyczących aktualizacji mapy zasadniczej.

EN

This article presents an economic, technical and user's aspect of the use of software applications for one of the most frequently developed surveying, developing maps for design purposes. The study covered the four most commonly used programs: MicroStation with the overlay MK2013, C-Geo, EWMAPA and MikroMap. The choice of programs was based on the results of surveys conducted among a random sample of 30 companies operating in the district of Krakow. The evaluation the usefulness of the named programs was based on the topographic measurements of a selected large-area object. The data presented as terrain coordinates of points was collected in the field using the latest measurement technologies. The overall aim of the study was an attempt to verify the possibility of using these programs according to the requirements given to surveying contractors by the Geodesic and Cartographic Documentation Centers. The whole issue was examined in the context of the current regulations concerning the master map updates.

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Niktóre problemy kartografii środowiska przyrodniczego Polski

Siwek J.

Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny

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2001

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T. 33, nr 2

106--113

PL

W pierwszej części artykułu omówiono w zwięzły sposób polskie mapy środowiska przyrodniczego, w drugiej zaś główne problemy związane z ich opracowaniem.

EN

A rapid development of the process of mapping the natural environment started in Poland after the World War II. During the first period, which lasted until the late 1960s, the majority of ganeral maps were prepared at the scale of 1:300,000. This includes two series of geologic maps (A - superficial deposits and B - without quarternary deposits), two hydrogeologic series (A - subsurface water (first level), B - deep horizon water-bearings), soil map, geologic-energeering map, map of raw materials as well as the magnetic and gravimetric maps. At the same time, a series of detailed, 1:50,000-scale maps based on terrain research was initiated. The series included the following maps: geological, geomorphological and hydrographic. The oldest and most important of these three - the Detailed Geological Map of Poland has been published since 1954, and now covers over 40 per cent of the Polish territory. The hydrographic map is also continued (although intermittently) - it now covers 30 per cent of the country. The geomorphologic map was discontinued after a small number of sheets had been put out. During the second period (1970s and 1980s) the focus was on the preparation of general maps designed as synthetic sources of knowledge on the environment of Poland. This included the soil, hydrographic, geomorphologic and geological maps at 1:500,000. Finally, the third period started in 1990s. During this time three new series at 1: 50,000 were initiated - hydrogeological, ecological and geological-economical (with vital ecological contents). Also, the geological and hydrographic maps were continued. Two new versions of 1:200,000-scale geological maps appeared as well as the map of potential vegetation at 1: 300,000 (fig. 1). The current problems of the cartography of natural environment in Poland to the large extent result from the past. During the 45 years of the socialist economy numerous distorted base maps were used. As a result,topographic maps are distorted and not uniform. The attempts to improve their quality consist in the process of transferring the thematic contents to the correct topographic base. This process must be performed especially in the areas, for which digital databases are created. The general maps also have a differing and not always correct topographic base. This is a result of the lack of a general-reference map that would be reliable and easily-accessible. The lack of uniformity is also reflected by the different divisions into sheets used on maps (fig. 4). The out-dated maps should also be considedred to constitute a vital problem in environment cartography. This is especially true in the case of the 1:50,000-scale maps (the geologic map in particular). The maps in smaller scales do not need updating so often, both becouse of their scale and their character (synthesis). The loss of their actuality is more often the result of progress in the branch of science they refer to. Owing to the fact that over 20 years have passed since most of the 1:500,000-scale were published, it might be beneficial to prepare their new versions, which should however be preceded by a broad discussion on their concepts. Eventually, the computer technology used to prepare 1:50,000-scale maps since the mid 1990s presents certain problems. Apart from its numerous advantages, it also has some noticeable drawbacks, which can clearly be seen when the offset printing process is supplemented by plotting, which degrades the graphic form of maps.

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Mapy tematyczne

Lewandowicz E.

Geodeta : magazyn geoinformacyjny

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1999

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nr 5

58--59