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Zadania, możliwości i sposoby użycia artylerii w działaniach przeciwrebelianckich

Rubaj T.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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2012

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nr 2(87)

59-81

EN

The article features artillery’s major tasks, capabilities and ways of use in counterinsurgency operations (COIN). The most important tasks include the show of force, monitoring designated areas and fire counterattacks. The considerations are complemented by selected and most representative, according to the author, conclusions and experiences of the use of artillery in the Balkans, Iraq and Afghanistan. Artillery assets participating in the mentioned above operations, having substantial combat potential (fire power) at their disposal, prove to be effective tool of demonstrating the potential’s presence in trouble spots. This demonstration is conducted not only through static operations (presence) but also through prevention marches, occupying positions with the possibility to achieve fast readiness to open fire. Conclusions and experience from operations show a significant role of special ammunition to reach intended effects through prevention (deterrence, discouragement and isolation) of enemy forces. Artillery reconnaissance assets, like visual reconnaissance performed with special finding range recce tools, radiolocation stations to detect and define coordinates of mobile targets, artillery reconnaissance radiolocation sets and mortars are widely applied in counterinsurgency operations. They contribute to gain the greatest advantage in given conditions of situational awareness leading to information advantage that is an essential component of general advantage. Fire counterattacks essentially mean fire response to insurgents’ various weapons and ammunition used within so called reactive combat. However, due to unconventional tactics, i.e. methods and techniques used by enemy forces, proactive operations gain more and more importance. They consist in forestalling enemy operations, through, among others, skilful coordination of artillery and mortars with combat group operations performing tasks in designated areas.

2

Zadania SZ w operacjach poza granicami kraju

Elak L.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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2010

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nr 1(78)

87-96

EN

The geo-military situation, contradictions between countries, nations, ethnic or religious groups are the main source of tensions and destabilisation that, indirectly, determines the armed forces’ tasks in operations. They mainly consist of counteracting negative phenomena, limiting their possible effects and their fast elimination. Therefore, the tasks to be reached must be rational and adequate to operation aims. The tasks carried out by armed forces should lead to reaching the final state of operation and to win favour with the local population. The main aim of the article is to present the tasks conducted by the armed forces in operations outside the country by answering the question which tasks are carried out by the armed forces in these operations. The author drccws special attention to non-kinetic tasks performed within Civil Military Cooperation (CIMIC). Their success determines largely the success of the whole operation.

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Uwarunkowania budowy modeli finansowania działalności operacyjnej przedsiębiorstw górniczych

Turek M., Michalak A.

Przegląd Górniczy

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2010

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T. 66, nr 9

20-23

PL

W sytuacji finansowej, w jakiej działają obecnie przedsiębiorstwa górnicze, konieczna staje się weryfikacja ich strategii w zakresie struktury finansowania. Autorzy podjęli próbę stworzenia nowych modeli finansowania. Modele finansowania działalności przedsiębiorstw górniczych budowane są z uwzględnieniem określonych uwarunkowań wewnętrznych i zewnętrznych, które przedstawiono w niniejszym opracowaniu.

EN

In the present financial position of mining enterprises their strategy In the range of financing structure verification becomes necessary. The Authors took an attempt to create new financing models. The financing models of mining enterprises activity are constructed with taking into consideration determined external and internal conditions, which are presented in this study.

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Struktura działań taktycznych

Kubiński M.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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2009

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nr 2(75)

91-97

EN

Dynamically changing reality requires reconsidering the problem of tactical operations' structure. Therefore, the article suggests and justifies some solutions not resulting from the fact that the present division has been wrong but that the reality (situation) has changed so much that it requires a different approach to the problem. As a starting point while classifying forces’ operations, there are assumed stages in which a state may function which include before the conflict stage, conflict and post-conflict phase. Thus it seems justified to introduce such notions as peace support operations, combat operations and stabilization operations which are characterized by, among others, the necessity to combine and choose selectively these kind of operations which will be effective in a given situation. However, it is difficult to close the set which is called tactical operations. This difficulty involves mainly its complexity. In peace support operations the opposing forces and the enemy in combat are clearly defined, whereas how to name situations when the enemy (opponent) is not clearly defined, not uniformed, who looks as any other citizen of the country with only one difference that an explosive device is attached under his clothes. New rules and regulations of land forces operations have been binding since January 2009. Apart from numerous changes in the tactical operations area published in this document, a new tactical operations’ structure is introduced. Analysing the provisions of the new regulations, some issues are disputable. Symmetric operations are treated slightly differently there as they are defined as “primary operations”. Moreover, intermediate stages are differentiated within complementary combat operations.

5

Współczesna sztuka operacyjna

Czupryński A.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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2006

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nr 4(65)

209-225

EN

The evolution of military art for the reason of political assumptions of using the armed forces to solve contentious issues causes changes in practice and theory of the military art. Changes in the area of military art are resulted from the unification of the main object of research, namely military operations. Contemporary operations in individual conflicts became independent categories, in the result of which the goal of military strategy is achieved directly. It causes changes in the development of operations theory. It is contemporarily assumed that all operations will be joint in nature and hence it is not legitimate to develop theories of operations conducted by only one service in one environment. If the main subject of researches has changed, it is legitimate to do some changes in the theory adequately to its diagnosis and forecasted development. Therefore, in the structure of military art the basis of operational art and the theory of operations should be specified.

6

Operacyjny obszar sztuki wojennej obrony terytorialnej

Jakubczak R.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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2003

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nr 2(51)

256-269

EN

The military system of a democratic state allows conducting territorial operational actions on a large scale - both in national and coalition operations. Hence territorial operational actions are common in these countries where defence advantages are perceived, not only armed but most of all humanitarian, particularly in Territorial Defence and non-military units joint operations. It is also the consequence of decreasing the differences between military and non-military. Security in general terms and defence within its framework become evenly the area of the state authorities responsibilities. Hence territorial joint operations within a NATO country are reasonable as a basic area of civilian – military actions. Territorial Defence is naturally in such situations a kind of link joining all operations resulting from the necessity of facing numerous peace threats. These main circumstances prove that soon there may appear not only political but also functional need to create a separate security organisation of the state basing on binding civilian – military in character law. It will comprise the functions of Territorial Defence troops and non-military security forces. This process may be fostered in the course of making the operational troops more professional, their significant decreasing and selective NATO armies specialisation in the framework of intervention actions.

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Wybrane problemy obrony przeciwchemicznej w działaniach operacyjnych

Michailiuk B.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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2002

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nr 3-4(48-49)

220-241

EN

The article presents the idea of chemical defence and general abilities and principles of chemical troops functioning in operations. In the introduction the author describes actions and tasks of chemical defence in operations. Later he presents the principles of actions and abilities of chemical troops' assets and forces in operations. A special attention is drawn to the principles of actions of chemical battalion subunits and fighters' section of contamination and smoke reconnaissance in operations.