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Zdolności logistyczne marynarki wojennej w kontekście operacji humanitarnych

Usewicz T., Iwanina-Szopińska E.

Logistyka

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2013

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nr 6

PL

Współczesne zglobalizowane środowisko bezpieczeństwa wymaga brania odpowiedzialności za bezpieczeństwo ludzi często w bardzo odległych rejonach świata. Katastrofy humanitarne i klęski żywiołowe powodują ogrom cierpienia ludzkiego, a w dłuższej perspektywie mogą stanowić zarzewie konfliktów czy też generować inne zagrożenia. Operacje humanitarne stanowią jedno z narzędzi kształtowania środowiska bezpieczeństwa i mogą w istotny sposób wpływać na stabilność rejonów dotkniętych katastrofami. Artykuł dotyczy udziału sił zbrojnych, a zwłaszcza marynarki wojennej w operacjach humanitarnych. Przedstawiono w nim rodzaje operacji humanitarnych, w których może brać udział wojsko, zasady jakimi należy się kierować w trakcie ich wykonywania, jak również specyfikę sił morskich w tym zakresie. Krótko scharakteryzowano również wybrane doświadczenia amerykańskie, a także zdolności Marynarki Wojennej RP w tym obszarze.

EN

Today's globalized security environment requires to take responsibility for providing protection and undertaking proper actions in distant parts of the world. Humanitarian catastrophes and natural disasters cause immense human sufferings and, eventually, leads to an armed conflict or other menaces. Humanitarian operations are perceived as a useful tool in the process of shaping the environment of security and they may stimulate the stability in the regions suffering from disasters. The aim of this article is to present the issue of participation of armed forces, especially naval forces in humanitarian operations. The paper embraces the categories of humanitarian operations involving deployment of military personnel, the rules according to which they should operate, as well as the peculiarity of actions pursued by the naval forces. It also encompasses a concise characteristic of relevant experiences of the US army and Polish 8aval Forces .

2

Możliwości krytyczne, warunki krytyczne i punkty krytyczne w operacjach wsparcia pokoju

Trembecki J.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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2011

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nr 3(84)

436-460

EN

The article defines various kinds of peace support operations (PSOs) and presents their place in the allied doctrine to use a military component in peace operations. Then the author discusses basic notions of the operational art connected with peace support operation planning, focusing on the identification problems and analysing the centre of gravity, and mostly on correlation between critical possibilities, critical conditions and critical points of the centre of gravity. To conclude, theoretical considerations are illustrated with the example of “planning tools” from peace support operation in Afghanistan.

3

Logistyczne wsparcie operacji pokojowych i humanitarnych w doktrynie strategicznej NATO (cz. 1)

Ficoń K.

Logistyka

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2011

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nr 2

12-15

4

Zadania SZ w operacjach poza granicami kraju

Elak L.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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2010

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nr 1(78)

87-96

EN

The geo-military situation, contradictions between countries, nations, ethnic or religious groups are the main source of tensions and destabilisation that, indirectly, determines the armed forces’ tasks in operations. They mainly consist of counteracting negative phenomena, limiting their possible effects and their fast elimination. Therefore, the tasks to be reached must be rational and adequate to operation aims. The tasks carried out by armed forces should lead to reaching the final state of operation and to win favour with the local population. The main aim of the article is to present the tasks conducted by the armed forces in operations outside the country by answering the question which tasks are carried out by the armed forces in these operations. The author drccws special attention to non-kinetic tasks performed within Civil Military Cooperation (CIMIC). Their success determines largely the success of the whole operation.

5

Strukturalne aspekty użytkowania zasobów transportu powietrznego w środowisku prowadzenia operacji humanitarnej

Zieliński T.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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2010

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nr 4(81)

169-185

EN

Modern international security system frequently suffers from destabilization resulted from various types of crisis situations caused by human activity or forces of nature. Unfavourable development of a crisis situation may consequently lead to a humanitarian disaster of a local or, seldom, regional scope. This will require international community’s response such as delivering necessary resources to the communities affected by the disaster. The characteristic feature of an environment where humanitarian operations understood as multi-aspect are involving a great number of entities are conducted, is the necessity of having all available resources at its disposal. Due to the laws of conducting a humanitarian operation, it is essential that these elements are mainly civilian ones. The engagement of many United Nations’ bodies, state authorities, governmental and non-governmental organizations and charities requires creating structures that would enable the coordination of operation in order to deliver efficiently humanitarian assistance. Obviously, all air transport resources will be employed in such operations which will consequently result in activating necessary structures connected with ordering aircraft, contracting them on the market, establishing the priorities of cargo and passenger transport as well as avoiding conflict causing tasks. The primary element in this structure, particularly in the disaster struck area, is United Nations Humanitarian Air Service (UNHAS).

6

Interwencja humanitarna : typologia, kryteria sukcesu

Marszałek M.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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2009

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nr 3(76)

57-74

EN

Humanitarian intervention still raises serious controversy among both theoreticians and practicians, especially among military ones. This article deals with the essence of humanitarian interventions’ types and the strategies of armed forces' use in particular kinds of interventions. Relatively much attention is drawn to the problem of human interventions’ evaluation. The evaluation of these operations, which have a specific character from the military point of view, seems much more difficult than the evaluation of classic military operations conducted during wartime. This specially refers to evaluations carried out a priori, i.e. during the process of intervention planning. Despite solutions suggested by T. B. Seybolt, the author of the book „Humanitarian Military Intervention. The Conditions for Success and Failure”, the problem remains open and requires further scientific exploration. However, ex post evaluations’ assumptions of such interventions raise much less controversy. To sum up, it seems justified to conclude that a reliable evaluation of humanitarian operations’ effectiveness seems currently too complicated a problem so that its probable solutions will show reliability satisfying for decision makers and planners.

7

Wybrane aspekty użycia sił powietrznych w sojuszniczych operacjach humanitarnych

Marszałek M.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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2006

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nr 4(65)

189-208

EN

In the last decade of the 20th century and in the beginning of the 21st century the air forces were frequently used in humanitarian operations, which were aimed at bringing help to the civil population being oppressed. Even though the air forces-like the other services-are theoretically only a supporting element in comparison to the activities of civil international organisations. This is consistent with NATO’s doctrinal assumptions on one hand, but on the hand air forces frequently play a more important role. Lessons learned from various operations confirm that the missions of airforces can be adjusted to the situation in the crisis area while the aim is always set by political decision makers. Thanks to researches linked to the recent operations it became possible to specify general assumptions concerning future operations. Expected results will be connected with efficient help to persecuted civilians. Having in mind such situation, it is possible to specify two kinds of operations - humanitarian operations and humanitarian interventions. According to the author the considerations presented in the article do not exhaust the whole spectrum of the problem, but on the other hand the intention of the author is to encourage the reader to familiarise with the results of the study entitled Air Force Missions in Humanitarian Operations at the Beginning of the 21st Century. The necessity of continuing the scientific penetration of this complicated issue is connected with the need to achieve a common attitude to the problem as far as the main participants of this operations are concerned. In such case civil components, governmental and non-governmental organisations are being discussed on the hand, and on the other - the military component with the air force being included.

8

Zadania wojsk lądowych w ramach reagowania kryzysowego

Bujak A.

Zeszyty Naukowe / Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Wojsk Lądowych im. gen. T. Kościuszki

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2004

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Nr 4

5--23

PL

Priorytetem działań Sił Zbrojnych RP jest przede wszystkim zapobieganie powstawaniu kryzysów militarnych, jak również przeciwstawianie się niekontrolowanemu rozprzestrzenianiu się broni masowego rażenia, terroryzmu oraz przestępczości. Nasze Siły Zbrojne czynnie uczestniczą i będą uczestniczyć w operacjach humanitarnych.