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Monitoring fotogrametryczny z wykorzystaniem bezzałogowego statku powietrznego na przykładzie osuwiska zlokalizowanego na zboczach poeksploatacyjnego zbiornika wodnego w KWB Adamów

Karwacki Krzysztof

Przegląd Geologiczny

2022

Vol. 70, nr 9

671--681

The article presents the results of monitoring of landslides related to opencast mining. The landslides formed on the slopes of an artificial water reservoir in the Adamów open-cast lignite mine. The photogrammetric method was used for monitoring. The study of landslide activity was performed on the basis of six photogrammetric surveys made with the DJI Phantom 4 Advanced UAV. Changes in the landslide extent and vertical displacements were determined in five measurement periods. For four periods, differential digital terrain models were made and the volume of displaced earth masses was calculated. The future extent of the landslide was determined on the basis of cracks visible in high-resolution optical photos. The research has shown that UAVs equipped with an optical camera are very useful in monitoring the stability of slopes of post-mining water reservoirs. The applied method provided detailed data on the size of displacements without compromising on safety of people involved in field surveys.

Możliwości zastosowania zdalnego systemu monitoringu wgłębnego i powierzchniowego osuwisk w kopalni odkrywkowej węgla brunatnego na podstawie badań wykonanych w KWB Bełchatów w ramach projektu UE RFCS Slopes

Bednarczyk Zbigniew

Przegląd Geologiczny

2021

Vol. 69, nr 12

785--799

Landslides in Polish opencast lignite mines are a serious problem for the efficiency of exploitation. They can also pose a threat to adjacent areas and the environment, and in some cases even jeopardize the continuity of lignite supplies to power plants. Such phenomena are associated with a number of factors, the most important of which are the geological engineering structure, groundwater conditions, unfavourable strength parameters of clayey soils and their usually relatively steep slopes. Counteracting such a phenomena, caused by mining activity, is usually difficult because of large size of landslides and the depth of exploitation reaching in some cases over 300 m. The paper presents the first application of on-line monitoring in a Polish opencast lignite mine. Performed in the Bełchatów Mine, in situ monitoring was complemented by satellite radar interferometry (PSI), LiDAR airborne laser scanning, and terrestrial laser scanning. Research within the RFCS EU SLOPES project “Smarter Lignite Open Pit Engineering Solutions” was performed by an international consortium from six European countries. In Poland, the research was located mainly on the western slope of the Bełchatów Field. In this area, in the Polish open pit lignite mine, on-line inclinometer, and a pore pressure monitoring system were the first located at the levels of+42 : -58 m a.s.l. Geological engineering investigations included 100 m depth core drilling, index laboratory tests, IL oedometer tests, CIU, CID triaxial tests, and numerical modelling. The total amount of in situ displacement, during the period December 2016-July 2019, reached 290 mm. The largest displacements up to 250 mm were recorded: to a depth of 45 m in the direction of slope inclination, and smaller ones up to 50 mm to a depth of 72.5 m. The displacements were accompanied by a decre ase in pore pressure values by more than 200 kPa. In other parts of the mine and adjacent areas, the satellite radar interferometry detected displacements up to 60 mm/year on the outer slopes of the Szczerców dump. It also allowed identification of the landslide hazard in other areas. Data obtained from in-situ monitoring and laboratory tests on the western slope of the Bełchatów Field were included in numerical modelling using the shear strength reduction method and the limit equilibrium method. This should allow helping for better recognition and warning of the existing hazards in the investigated area.