The ESA’s Galileo Scientific Advisory Committee (GSAC) was involved in the proposals of the design of the Galileo second generation (G2G) space and ground segments in the view of potential scientific applications. Three main issues were identified by the GSAC as being of a particular interest for the system modernization: Inter-Satellite Links (ISL) for communication and ranging, precise time and frequency transfer concepts and on - board accelerometers on Galileo satellites. As it is shown, there is a considerable synergy to be expected when both ISL and on - board accelerometers could be implemented on G2G satellites, with remarkable operational and scientific advantages. Concerning the time transfer, the GSAC expresses the importance of the space clock performance requirements for the second generation Galileo satellites to achieve a high quality of navigation and timing signals. The GSAC also recommends to maintain a close link between the ESA, Galileo operations centers, and the time metrology community in Europe to ensure the quality of Galileo System Time (GST) and time dissemination to the public next to the Galileo positioning services.
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