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First step to urban mining. Restoration of gas wells in municipal waste deposits and reactivation of gas production

Otto F., Kanitz J., Pawelczyk S.

Systemy Wspomagania w Inżynierii Produkcji

2016

z. 5 (17)

216--228

W artykule przedstawiono dwa tematy dotyczące studni odgazowania:na składowiskach odpadów komunalnych, które nie dostarczały odpowiedniego dla wykorzystania gazu oraz opuszczonych składowiskach odpadów komunalnych, zamkniętych w latach 80. XX w. Oba rodzaje składowisk stanowią zagrożenie dla środowiska – są źródłem zanieczyszczeń atmosfery, a problemem w obu przypadkach jest brak środków finansowych na przeciwdziałanie tym zagrożeniom. Celem badań zespołu THGA było znalezienie niskonakładowych rozwiązań umożliwiających ograniczenie zanieczyszczeń wokół wspomnianych składowisk odpadów komunalnych.

There are two themescombined: first, there are gas wells in municipal waste deposits with leakages which don’t deliver usable gas anymore and second, there are abandoned municipal waste deposits closed in the 1980’s with any sealing neither at bottom nor on top. Both, abandoned municipal waste deposits and waste deposits with leakages in their gas wells, are sources of air pollution and common to both is the lack of money to stop this pollution. The aim of research team of THGA is to find cheap solutions to stop the contamination around municipal waste deposits. Gas wells in municipal waste deposits normally are filtered from the bottom to the top over their full length. In the top layers the organic waste reacts with oxygen and these parts are inertised in a short time. This will result in leakages between the surface and the well. From that time the well will suck air from the surface but no more gas from deeper layers. Power plants cannot work anymore because of the bad quality of the gas. In a laboratory test the restoration of such wells with a special kind of foam was tested and improved. Later in several wells of Celje municipal waste deposit (Celje, Slovenia) leakages were located in sucking tests. The filter lengths with leakages were foamed and after this restoration gas of higher quality was sucked. In the last century nearly every village in Germany, but not only there, had have their own municipal waste deposit. There was no soil or groundwater protection or a system to suck any gas. By the first “LAGA Merkblatt – Die geordnete Ablagerung von Abfällen” (a regulation about waste deposits in Germany) from September 1979 a system with a new type of landfills started. This type contains a base of low permeability, water and gas drainage system, as well as surface covering. Concentration on a few great landfills began and a lot of old landfills were abandoned. These old landfills were covered with soil and most of them still exist in this form in the landscape. Unfortunately these landfills still show chemical reactions. They still produce waste water and landfill gas. So they are contaminating the groundwater and their gas production still destroysthe vegetation on their surface. Methane and carbon dioxide are polluting the atmosphere. But most authorities don’t accept this problem because these landfills have been closed for more than 30 years, and therefore the landfills are expected to be inert.