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Comparison of nonwoven fabrics in terms of usefulness for oil spill combat

Kończewicz W., Otremba Z., Sałek K., Walaszkowska N.

Journal of KONES

2015

Vol. 22, No. 3

99--103

The petroleum substances (oil) spilled on the hard surface can be easily neutralized and collected by using powdery or granular sorbents. We are dealing with more difficult situation when oil spill appears on the soft ground or on the surface of the water. Extremely difficult is removing the oil from body of water polluted by dispersed one. In such cases useful are various balls, sleeves and mats filled by nonwovens. It is important to identify a material, which strongly absorbs different type of oil in a wide temperature range. At the same time, such material should have physical properties allowing easy and rapid contact with the spilled oil and then its removal from the environment. This paper provides an overview of impregnability of nonwoven fabrics made from two materials – polypropylene and cotton. The impregnability was tested against the water and the used lubricate oil. The tests were carried out by using experimental device constructed by members of the student’s scientific society at Faculty of Marine Engineering (Gdynia Maritime University). Principle of construction of testing device takes into account aspect of placing the sorbent in the package as well as possibility of repeating the experiment in precisely defined measurement conditions. Among tested materials, the best in terms of oil sorptivity proved to be polypropylene. The same material was the least absorbing water. It can therefore be assumed that this material is the most suitable for removing oil from the polluted water.

Concept of the skimmer specialized for oil removal from the port waters

Kończewicz W., Mazurek M., Otremba Z., Sarad T.

Journal of KONES

2013

Vol. 20, No. 2

189--192

Project analysis to meet needs for equipment customized to pumping out surface forms of oil in the port and other narrow basins are reported in this paper. New elements of the technical concept of the skimmer to eliminate the disadvantages of structurally similar devices are proposed - esential componets of the new type of skimmer currently elaborating in the Student Scientific Society „Nautica“ (at Faculty of Marine Engineering of the Gdynia Maritime University) are demostrated. The first motivation to this work is that the consequence of growing usage of ships in the world transport is necessity to search for more fast and efficient methods to remove oil pollutions from the water surface and the second one – preparation of appropriate training and research equipment for the continuous improvement of its construction as well as the manner of its use in variety conditions. Port areas are relatively small and they have numerous hard to navigate places, therefore oils which leaked from ships or transloading equipment are difficult to remove from the water surface. Those all factors promote the development of the new and innovative solutions for more efficient water treatment. New solutions of the technical concept of the skimmer are proposed here - among other the theoretically justifiable triangular inlet openings with the system of vertical positionnig relative to the water surface.