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Functionalization and stability of palm oil biomass nanocellulose – an overview

Manimaran Mageswari, Norizan Mohd Nurazzi, Mohamad Kassim Mohamad Haafiz, Adam Mohd Ridhwan, Abdullah Norli, Norrrahim Mohd Nor Faiz

Polimery

2025

Vol. 70, nr 2

75--92

This article presents a literature review from 2018–2024 on the issues related to the functionalization and stability of nanocellulose from palm oil biomass. The nanocellulose isolation process, methods for assessing stability and ways to increase it, as well as potential applications are discussed in detail. Emphasis is placed on the commercialization possibilities of nanocellulose-based products, with a view to developing engineering of advanced nanomaterials derived from oil palm biomass.

W artykule przedstawiono przegląd literaturowy z lat 2018–2024 dotyczący zagadnień związanych z funkcjonalizacją i stabilnością nanocelulozy z biomasy oleju palmowego. Szczegółowo omówiono proces izolacji nanocelulozy, metody oceny stabilności i sposoby jej zwiększenia, a także potencjalne zastosowania. Nacisk położono na możliwości komercjalizacji produktów na bazie nanocelulozy, mając na uwadze rozwój inżynierii zaawansowanych nanomateriałów pochodzących z biomasy palmy olejowej.

High density solid biofuel from oil palm biomass

Chin Kit Ling, H’NG Paik San, Mamiński Mariusz

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology

2012

No. 77

107--117

High density solid biofuel from oil palm biomass. Large quantities of oil palm biomass available can significantly become the important source for renewable energy in Malaysia in the form of pellet or briquette. Nonetheless, lignocellulosic biomass should be treated to increase their energy efficiency prior to the combustion. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of torrefaction treatment on the weight loss and energy properties of oil palm biomass (oil palm trunk and empty fruit bunch). The lignocellulosic biomass was torrefied at three different temperatures (200 to 300 °C) within 15 to 45 min. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for optimization of torrefaction conditions, to determine the maximum energy properties and minimum weight loss. Results showed that heating values of biomass was affected by treatment severity (cumulated effect of temperature and time). While the reaction temperature had a strong impact on the energy density of torrefied biomass, the effect of treatment time was considerably lesser under the torrefaction conditions used in this study. It was demonstrated that each biomass type had its own unique set of operating conditions to achieve the same product quality. The optimized torrefaction conditions were verified empirically and applicability of the model was confirmed. The results of this study could be used as a guide for the production of high density solid biofuel from oil palm biomass. Conclusively, high density solid biofuel from oil palm biomass can be produced using torrection method.