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Nadkrytyczne bloki węglowe - kierunki poprawy sprawności i ograniczenia emisji CO2

Chmielniak T., Łukowicz H., Kochaniewicz A., Mroncz M.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Elektryka / Politechnika Opolska

2010

z. 64

23-24

Na skutek wprowadzenia odzysku ciepła uzyskuje się dla stałej mocy bloku 460 MW zmniejszenie zużycia paliwa. Oprócz oszczędności paliwa obniża się emisja CO2. Natomiast dla tej samej ilości paliwa moc bloku wzrasta w porównaniu do układu bez odzysku. Większe efekty uzyskuje się w przypadku bloków spalających węgiel brunatny, wynika to z większej ilości spalin odlotowych z kotła oraz ich wyższej temperatury. Dlatego ilość ciepła, które można wykorzystać do podgrzania kondensatu jest ok. 2 razy większa w porównaniu z blokiem o tej samej mocy na węgiel kamienny.

The possibilities of an efficiency increase of coal-fired power units were presented. A particular attention was paid to the use of waste energy from the boiler exhaust gases to heat the condensate regeneration system, or electricity production in organic Rankine cycles. The adaptation of the unit to the possibility of removing carbon dioxide was analyzed. The scope of necessary changes in the turbine system was indicated. The performance indicators of the coal and lignite fired unit after its integration with carbon dioxide separation were presented.

Toward sustainable development of the building sector in the former Soviet Union

Matrosov Y. A., Chao M., Majersik C.

Budownictwo o Zoptymalizowanym Potencjale Energetycznym

2008

nr (5)

221--229

Russia and the former Soviet countries (CIS) have made great progress in increasing energy efficiency and curtailing carbon emissions from the building sector during the last 15 years. A new generation of codes on energy efficiency in buildings has taken effect, translating scientific advances into real energy savings. In these countries, a fundamental transformation in construction practice has taken place, toward the use of energy-efficient construction approaches, materials, products and equipment. These codes require a reduction of at least 40 percent in energy consumption for heating in new and renovated buildings. Citizens and governments will save more than 1.3 EJ of energy through 2010, preventing more than 90 milion tones of cumulative CO2 emissions in Russia alone. Improvements embodied in the new codes include an energy efficiency rating system with five classes, including two classes that exceed code requirements; maximum permitted specific energy consumption levels for heating the whole building; an “Energy Passport” – a single verification protocol used in both building design and operations; consideration of energy for ventilation, internal heat gains, and solar radiation under cloudy conditions; consideration of the efficiency of the heat supply system, including renewable sources of energy; and harmonization with international levels, in particular, EPBD of EC (2002/91/EC). As a result, the construction complex in the CIS is moving toward sustainability. The paper describes these achievements and barriers to implementation.