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Thermodynamic analysis of biofuels as fuels for high temperature fuel cells

Milewski J., Bujalski W., Lewandowski J.

Archives of Thermodynamics

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2012

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Vol. 33, no. 4

41-65

EN

Based on mathematical modeling and numerical simulations, applicativity of various biofuels on high temperature fuel cell performance are presented. Governing equations of high temperature fuel cell modeling are given. Adequate simulators of both solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) have been done and described. Performance of these fuel cells with different biofuels is shown. Some characteristics are given and described. Advantages and disadvantages of various biofuels from the system performance point of view are pointed out. An analysis of various biofuels as potential fuels for SOFC and MCFC is presented. The results are compared with both methane and hydrogen as the reference fuels. The biofuels are characterized by both lower efficiency and lower fuel utilization factors compared with methane. The presented results are based on a 0D mathematical model in the design point calculation. The governing equations of the model are also presented. Technical and financial analysis of high temperature fuel cells (SOFC and MCFC) are shown. High temperature fuel cells can be fed by biofuels like: biogas, bioethanol, and biomethanol. Operational costs and possible incomes of those installation types were estimated and analyzed. A comparison against classic power generation units is shown. A basic indicator net present value (NPV) for projects was estimated and commented.

2

Reducing CO2 emissions from a gas turbine power plant by using a molten carbonate fuel cell

Milewski J., Lewandowski J., Miller A.

Chemical and Process Engineering

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2008

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Vol. 29, z. 4

939-954

EN

A molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) is shown to reduce CO2 emission from a gas turbine power plant. The MCFC is placed in the flue gas stream of the gas turbine. The main advantages of this solution are: higher total electricity generated by a hybrid system and reduced CO[2] emissions with power generation efficiency remained the same. The model of the MCFC is given and described. The results obtained show that use of an MCFC could reduce CO2 emissions by 73%, which gives a relative CO2 emission rate of 135 kg CO[2] /MWh.

PL

Przedstawiono koncepcję zastosowania węglanowego ogniwa (ang. molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC)) do zmniejszania emisji CO[2] z elektrowni gazowej. Ogniwo umieszczono na strumieniu wylotowym spalin. Inną zaletą takiego rozwiązania jest wzrost mocy generowanej przez układ z zachowaną sprawnością generowania energii elektrycznej. Przedstawiono model matematyczny ogniwa MCFC. Otrzymane wyniki wskazują, że takie zastosowanie ogniwa MCFC pozwala zredukować emisyjność bloku gazowego o 73% do 135 kg CO[2] /MWh.

3

Stacjonarne ogniwa paliwowe zasilane gazem ziemnym

Chaczykowski M.

Nowoczesne Gazownictwo

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2006

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nr 1

5-12

4

Ogniwa paliwowe przyszłością technologii energetycznych

Warowny W., Hościłowicz A.

Nowoczesne Gazownictwo

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2003

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nr 4

41-50

PL

Przedyskutowane w artykule zalety ogniw paliwowych, wielokrotność ich zastosowania w dowolnej skali, ekologia, bezpieczeństwo, wygoda i masowość produkcji czynią ogniwa paliwowe potencjalnie podstawowym źródłem energii w niedalekiej przyszłości.