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Opening of offshore oil business in Mexico and associated framework to cope with potential maritime security threats

Ávila-Zúñiga-Nordfjeld A., Dalaklis D.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2018

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Vol. 12, no. 1

173--179

EN

After 75 years of State oil monopoly, Mexico performed the first business oil round in 2015 involving the private sector. This auction-round offered 14 oil exploration fields located on the continental shelf to private companies. The development and exploitation of these hydrocarbon fields faces significant challenges regarding security. The economic loss for theft of hydrocarbons through illegal connections to pipelines is estimated to 973 million, 125 thousand U.S. dollar, only for the year of 2014. While productive research has been made, it has mainly focused on transportation systems and basically, pipelines. The development and establishment of policies prioritizing maritime security and protection of critical offshore infrastructure against theft of hydrocarbons, drugs organizations and terror attacks needs to be included in the national agenda to improve maritime security and mitigate potential security threats at sea, including damage to the marine environment. This could increase the trust of investors and stakeholders and would contribute to the faster development of new exploration and production fields. While the International Ship and Port Facility Security Code (ISPS Code) is the cornerstone for the construction of the port's security program and establishes the requirements of the Port Facility Security Plan (PFSP), including oil port facilities, it has not been fully implemented in several important Mexican ports. It is concluded that some important ports lack many of the core security processes, procedures and controls that should be included in any PFSP. This article briefly reviews the situation of the oil industry from a security perspective and discusses key elements of maritime security; addressing the necessity of the inclusion of maritime security and protection of critical oil infrastructure offshore in the national agenda that would provide for future research directions in the maritime security domain and contribute to the establishment of a national maritime security policy.

2

Some Problems of the Offshore Wind Farms in Poland

Weintrit A., Neumann T., Formela K.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2012

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Vol. 6, no. 4

459--465

EN

This paper presents the problems of wind power in Europe and the world, including the concept of the first location of offshore wind farms off the coast of Poland. Taking into account regulatory restrictions and technical opportunities, we can identify, evaluate and select prospective offshore wind farm locations. Obvious concerns are the depth to the sea bottom, the distance from coastline, maritime traffic and geological and climatic conditions.

3

Nadzór nad zarządzaniem bezpieczną eksploatacją i zapobieganiem zanieczyszczaniu środowiska morskiego na przykładzie ruchomych jednostek górnictwa morskiego - (ISM Code)

Duda D., Królikowski A., Wróbel R., Koszałkowski W.

Górnictwo i Geoinżynieria

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2011

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R. 35, z. 4/1

99-108

PL

W pracy dokonano analizy zarządzania bezpieczeństwem opartego na uchwalonym przez IMO rez. A.741(18) Międzynarodowym Kodeksie Zarządzania Bezpieczeństwem, obowiązkowym standardzie zarządzania bezpieczną eksploatacją statków i zapobieganiem zanieczyszczaniu oraz znowelizowanych wytycznych do wdrażania przez Administracje kodeksu ISM (Rez. A. 1022(26)) na przykładzie samopodnośnych morskich platform wiertniczo-produkcyjnych "Baltic Beta" o numerze IMO 8756588 oraz "Petrobaltic" o numerze IMO 8753940. Celem tego kodeksu jest zapewnienie na jak najwyższym poziomie bezpieczeństwa na morzu, zapobieganie nieszczęśliwym wypadkom, utracie życia i mienia, degradacji środowiska w tym środowiska morskiego, a tym samym dążenie do zminimalizowania błędów ludzkich i organizacyjnych (Human and Organisational Errors), które stanowią kilkadziesiąt procent wszystkich wypadków morskich.

EN

The paper deals with the issue of analysis of Safety Management System supported on International Management Code for the Safe operation of ships and for Pollution Prevention and on Revised guidelines on implementation of The International Safety Management (ISM) Code by Administrations Res.A.1022(26), mandatory standard of the Safety Management System on the example of "Baltic Beta" IMO Nr 8756588 and "Petrobaltic" IMO Nr 8753940 Mobile Offshore Drilling Units. The objectives of the Code is to ensure safety at sea, prevention of human accidents, loss of life and investment goods, and avoidance of deterioration of the natural environment, in particular, to the marine environment, it means mostly in practice to minimization of Human and Organizational Errors - (HOE), which are the reason of much percentage of marine accidents.