Oprócz wszelkiego rodzaju kursów, szkolenia i dokonalenia oficerów, wyższych kursów doskonalenia oficerw, uzupełniania wyszktałcenia ogólnego w szkołach średnich w połowie lat pięćdziesiątych w ASG, WAT, WAP, WAM i WSMW uruchomiono dla oficerów wyższe studia wojskowe w trybie stacjonarnym,zaocznym i eksternistycznym, a później również doktoranckie. Dzięki nim oficerowie zdobyli dyplomy wyższych studiów wojskowych, posiedli szerszą wiedzę taktyczno-operacyjną, a niektórzy rozpoczęli samodzielną pracę naukową.
EN
Apart from a variety of courses in mid 1950s higher studies were started in GSA, MUT, MPA, MMU, HNS, both day-time and extramural. Later on Ph.D. courses were also initiated. Owing to all of them officers obtained higher military education certificates, acquired wider knowledge of tactics and operational art, and some of them started their own scientific investigations.
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The article presents an analytical - synthetic approach to officers' corps in institutional - organisational relations between a profession and organisation. In the conducted sociological analysis enlarged by historical - comparative analysis the process of professional officers’ corps in Western and Central Europe from 16th to 21st century has been exposed. It has been pointed out the complexity of problems resulted from changes taking place in officer’s profession and changes in organisational structures in the army and in commercial firms. The problems mentioned in the article are treated by the author as a voice in the discussion on the place, role and importance of career in the period of transformation of the army from an institution to an organisation. First of all because the importance of human factor changes in the process of achieving success by an organisation where professional abilities, intellectual effort, self-development, autonomy range, susceptibility to influence of power (constraint) play a major role and contrary to only manual, routine, stereotypical and re-creative abilities. A new approach of M. Crozier builds on extraordinary professionals.
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