Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

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Technical and organisational conditions in the management of recovery and recycling processes of waste batteries and accumulators

Wengierek Maria

Organizacja i Zarządzanie : kwartalnik naukowy

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2021

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nr 1

137--157

EN

Introduction/background: Waste batteries and accumulators are hazardous waste and should not be sent to landfill sites. Their presence in the waste mixture causes the release of dangerous heavy metals into the natural environment. Aim of the paper: The aim of the study is to review the processes currently used in the recycling of used batteries and accumulators, currently used in the world and in Poland, as well as installations and technologies, depending on the types, kinds and physicochemical properties of waste, and to draw attention to the ventures to prevent waste generation. Materials and methods: The paper discusses the nature of waste, storage and transport conditions, organisation of collection, processes and processing technology. The article presents examples of waste management facilities dealing with recovery and recycling of batteries in Poland and Silesia. The research was based on an analysis of legal acts, statistical data, professional literature and company experiences. The second part is a case study. Selected environmental systems presented on descriptive models are based on the results of an environment (region) system analysis. Results and conclusions: EU directives and national law force the reuse of raw materials used in their production. Therefore, one should strive to apply the most effective technologies of waste recovery and recycling. The most recommended and cost-effective is product salvage followed by material recovery, especially of scarce, rare and precious earth metals. Various processes and technologies (installations) for the recovery of raw materials from waste batteries and accumulators are used around the world. The best known are: Jogmec, Batrec, Recytec, Accurec, Everead, Inmetco, Sab-Nife, Snam-Savam, Citron, Batenus, TNO. Long battery life minimises the amount of waste, and thus reduces the burden on the environment. Therefore, in the process of producing batteries, it is important to improve the technology already at the production stage. An example is the Polish experience (Europower; Tuborg; Tuborg-Silver).

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New nanomaterials and substances recovering with cavitation technology application

Kulagin V. A., Kulagina T. A.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Cieplne Maszyny Przepływowe - Turbomachinery / Politechnika Łódzka

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2008

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nr 133

193--200

EN

Hydromechanical heterogeneous systems’ dispersion processes underlie many production technologies in various industrial branches: chemical, microbiological, pharmaceutical, paint working, radio engineering, machine-building and many others. Special place among them is occupied by the dispersion processes in the following systems: liquid-liquid and liquid-solid body. The urgency of the project was caused by the necessity of man-caused wastes’ utilization, especially ashes and explosive materials’ (EM).

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Proces odzysku R10

Kłopotek B. B.

Przegląd Komunalny

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2008

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nr 1

29-29

PL

Zgodnie z art. 13 ust. 1 Ustawy z 27 kwietnia 2001 r. o odpadach (DzU z 2007 r. nr 39, poz. 251, z późn. zm.), zabrania się odzysku lub unieszkodliwiania odpadów poza instalacjami lub urządzeniami spełniającymi określone wymagania. Przepisu tego nie stosuje się do posiadaczy odpadów prowadzących odzysk za pomocą działań określonych jako R10 w załączniku nr 5 do ustawy, czyli rozprowadzanie na powierzchni ziemi w celu nawożenia lub ulepszania gleby, oraz do osób fizycznych prowadzących kompostowanie na potrzeby własne (ust. 2).

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Deponowanie odpadów na powierzchni ziemi

Jerzmański J.

Przegląd Komunalny

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2008

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nr 10

30-30

PL

"Deponowanie" nie jest terminem polskiego języka prawnego (choć występuje w prawie unijnym - "deposit" - dyrektywa 99/31/WE w sprawie składowania odpadów). Jest to jednak pojęcie wygodne z uwagi na to, że zbiorczo obejmuje szereg dość podobnych do siebie rodzajów postępowania.