Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Metodyka konstruowania odwzorowań anamorficznych

Grabarczyk-Walus S.

Roczniki Geomatyki

|

2009

|

T. 7, z. 4

37-46

PL

Stosowanie powiększenia anamorficznego stanowi ciekawą i użyteczną alternatywę dla map o jednolitej skali i może znaleźć szerokie zastosowanie, przy tworzeniu różnego rodzaju map obszarów o zróżnicowanym przestrzennym rozkładzie informacji. Tego typu odwzorowania są dedykowane głównie do tworzenia dynamicznych (interaktywnych) map elektronicznych, ze wskazaniem na mapy mobilne. Przykładem wykorzystania tego typu prezentacji mogą być mapy nawigacyjne, w których pożądanym jest dostarczanie szczegółowej (w większej skali) prezentacji w pobliżu aktualnego punktu położenia użytkownika - np. aktualnej pozycji na trasie podróży, przy zapewnieniu jednoczesnego ogólnego oglądu dalszej okolicy (w mniejszej skali). Mogą być one również okazjonalnie stosowane do map papierowych - np. turystycznych. Dokładne poznanie właściwości odwzorowań anamorficznych pozwala na świadome ich stosowanie i praktyczne wykorzystanie. Stanowiło również podstawę do stworzenia algorytm ów pozwalających na dynamiczną transformację anamorficzną mapy wektorowej. Wypracowane rozwiązania oraz wnioski i spostrzeżenia z analizy wyników zastosowania odwzorowań anamorficznych w prezentacjach opartych na ogólnie dostępnych danych wektorowych VMap L2 i TBD pozwolą na stosowanie ich do tworzenia map tematycznych wykorzystujących dane VMap L2 i TBD jako dane referencyjne.

EN

Most often, the aim of designing and selecting suitable cartographical transformation is as accurate as possible projection of reality, expressing the aspiration to achieve minimum deformation. A task quite often encountered in cartography is to present areas with uneven distribution of objects and phenomena. Anamorphical projections make it possible to present areas of particular interest in an enlarged scale, while continuity of the whole presentation is preserved. This work presents theory and classification of anamorphical projections as well as metric properties, especially deformation. Precise recognition of anamorphical projection properties allows their deliberate use. Works on anamorphical transformation methodology and their practical employment in cartographical presentations based on generally available vector data VMapL2 as well TBD were also presented. Theoretical considerations allowed building the algorithms presented in the paper. Results of anamorphical transformation are shown and discussed in the paper. The aim of the research is to obtain optimal type and parameters of anamorphical transformation. Anamorphical presentations could find wide application in mobile digital maps based on VMapL2 and TBD vector data. Good example of application could be navigation maps where we usually need more detailed information about present location, while continuity of the whole map is preserved.

2

Wykorzystanie odwzorowań anamorficznych w prezentacjach kartograficznych opartych na danych wektorowych VMap L2

Garbarczyk-Walus S.

Roczniki Geomatyki

|

2008

|

T. 6, z. 4

45-51

EN

Usually the main aim in selection cartographical projection is to receive minimum deformation of the area covered by the projection. This is connected with the aim to obtain as uniform scale as possible. Very often the task consists of presenting areas where the distribution of geographical, economic or social phenomena is not uniform. Anamorphical projections with uneven distribution of scale in projected area give opportunity to solve this problem by presenting selected/interesting area enlarged while continuity of the whole presentation is preserved. This paper examines possibility of using anamorphical projections in cartographical presentations based on generally accessible vector data. The aim of the research was to obtain optimal type and parameters of anamorphical transformation. VMap L2 was chosen as a reference data base covering the whole territory of the country. To this end an appropriate application was created allowing dynamic anamorphical transformation of vector map. The research showed among other things the relationship between the size of transformation territory and enlargement in the center of the territory. To obtain better results bigger enlargements are required for bigger transformation territory. It was also noted that Fish Eye type projections, which better smooth down image near to transformation center, should be used in small range enlargements. When we need more than threefold magnification, better results are obtained with Logarithmic Azimutal Projection. Shrinking near the edge of transformation territory in this type of projections is not so significant and legibility of the whole map is preserved. Anamorphical visualisations and conclusions made in this paper could be helpful especially in mobile digital maps based on VMap L2 precision vector data. Good example of application could be navigation maps where we usually need more detailed information about current location while continuity of the whole map is preserved.

3

Własności metryczne wybranych odwzorowań anamorficznych

Garbarczyk-Walus S.

Roczniki Geomatyki

|

2007

|

T. 5, z. 3

57-67

EN

The lack of uniform distribution of geographical, economic or social phenomena on the Earth surface is natural. The concentration of objects or phenomena typical for some areas is inconsistent with theoretical assumptions in cartographical study that their distribution should be uniform. The problem with presentation of areas with diversified distribution of information occurs quite often. Good examples provide city centers and their historical districts. Responding to the need of presentation of that kind of geographical space maps of wide range scales (so called anamorphical maps) were introduced. This paper concentrates on some important anamorphical projections, which can be used in practice in the future, for example for typical surveying works. For analytical examination of the nature of that kind of projection, the discussion about the distribution of distortions for selected anamorphical projections was carried out. Test calculations were performed and numerical and graphic results let us better know specific features of that kind of projections and realize what are their application possibilities not only in graphic presentation, where efficient visualization is most important, but also in engineering works.