Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 3

Liczba wyników na stronie
first rewind previous Strona / 1 next fast forward last
Wyniki wyszukiwania
Wyszukiwano:
w słowach kluczowych:  odrodzenie
help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
first rewind previous Strona / 1 next fast forward last
1
Content available Buddhist Attitude towards Sustainable Development
EN
Religion plays a significant role in Human Action. Buddhism is one of the most important religions of India. There is an argument that, Buddha places emphasis upon a logical understanding of the cause of human suffering. He explains ignorance as the root link in the causal chain and, thus, shows the way towards Nirvana. Human suffering is not due to the devaluation of nature. It is due to the pain that is associated with the cycle of birth and rebirth. Hence, Buddhist philosophy is dysteleological in its nature. That’s why it is hard to discuss sustainable development within the framework of Buddhist philosophy. In this paper, I have argued that Buddhist philosophy places a substantial emphasis upon sentient as well as non-sentient beings. Essentially, as per the Buddhist concept of Buddha-nature, I have argued that Buddha-nature is present in all sentient and non-sentient beings.
PL
Religia odgrywa znaczącą rolę w kierowaniu ludzka aktywnością. Buddyzm jest jedną z najważniejszych religii w Indiach. Budda kładzie nacisk na logiczne zrozumienie przyczyny ludzkiego cierpienia. Wskazuje na ignorancję jako źródło w łańcuchu przyczynowym, a tym samym wskazuje na drogę do Nirwany. Ludzie cierpienia nie wynika z dewaluacji natury. Jest spowodowane bólem związanym z cyklem narodzin i odrodzenia. Stąd filozofia buddyjska ma charakter dysteleologiczny. Dlatego trudno dyskutować o zrównoważonym rozwoju w ramach filozofii buddyjskiej. W tym artykule przedstawiam argumenty za tym, że filozofia buddyjska kładzie istotny nacisk tak na bytu czujące, jak i nie-czujące. Zasadniczo, zgodnie z buddyjską koncepcją natury Buddy, Budda-natura jest obecny we wszystkich bytach czujących i nie-czujących.
EN
To date, the strongest arguments for ammonite survival into the Danian (earliest Paleogene) are based on material from the lower Danian Cerithium Limestone at Stevns Klint (Denmark), where ammonites occur above a clay layer with impact products at its base, the latter defining the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary. The best-preserved specimen is filled with Danian sediment rather than with Maastrichtian chalk, which would be expected had this been reworked material. Arguments for ammonite survival into the Danian have also been provided by specimens from the sporomorph and calcareous nannoplankton-dated lowermost Danian strata of Meerssen Member unit IVf-7, the Netherlands. Their good preservation indicates that they were not subject to any significant transport or redeposition. However, there are no unequivocal impact-related signatures in unit IVf-7, except for rare shocked quartz grains, recorded from burrows at its base. Sections in the Manasquan Basin, New Jersey, USA, provide equivocal data as far as the problem of ammonite survival into the Danian is concerned. At the top of the Tinton Formation there is a Pinna layer replete with fossils, inclusive of ammonites. Their exquisite preservation and occurrence in monospecific clusters rule out redeposition. The Pinna layer contains exclusively late Maastrichtian microfossils. However, a clear iridium anomaly has been noted at its base. Either the New Jersey ammonites survived the K-Pg event for a short time or the iridium is not in situ due to post-depositional repositioning by percolating water. Planned work is to focus on: 1) a detailed centimetre by centimetre sampling of some Cerithium Limestone basins in Denmark in search of additional ammonite material, 2) palaeontological and taphonomic analysis of ammonites and search for impact signatures in unit IVf-7 in the Netherlands, and 3) geochemical study of the iridium anomaly in New Jersey in order to determine whether its position in respect to the ammonite-bed is original or secondary.
EN
The article presents principal issues of Polish national security policy in the Renaissance. It consist of two basic parts. The first one includes characteristics of the most important external conditions of Poland's security at that time, so among others: political - military situation in Europe, wars waged by Poland (with the Teutonic Order, Russia, Sweden, Turkey) and conclusions resulting from them. The second part shows a wide spectre of national security internal determinants, including political, social, economic, military situation, the state and system of army organisation and the level and achievements of old Polish art of war. In the final part of the article the author lists the main outer conditions having a decisive influence on Polish national security policy from that period, conclusions and summing up.
first rewind previous Strona / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.