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1

Evaluation of Moisture Management Properties of Plated Interlock, Mini Flat Back Rib and Flat Back Rib Structures

Sathish Kumar T., Ramesh Kumar M., Senthil Kumar B.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2021

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Vol. 29, no. 2 (146)

66--74

EN

Moisture management is a very fundamental criterion for any type of fabric. Hence, in this study three different knits viz plated interlock, mini flat back rib and flat back rib fabric structures with 100% eri silk (top), 100% bamboo (bottom) and 100% tencel (bottom) with the combination of two different yarn counts were used. The yield was tested for moisture management properties. It was identified that the bi-layer eri silk (14.3 tex) combined with bamboo (14.8 tex) and tencel (14.8 tex) plated interlock, mini flat back rib and flat back rib knit structure fabrics were excellent. Due to the high level of comfort and breathable nature, eri silk with bamboo and tencel fabrics are recommended for performance based garments.

PL

Zarządzanie wilgocią jest podstawowym kryterium dla każdego rodzaju wyrobu włókienniczego. W badaniu poddano analizie trzy różne struktury dziewiarskie o różnych splotach i składach takich jak: 100% jedwabiu eri, 100% bambusa i 100% tencel. Uzyskane struktury zbadano pod kątem właściwości zarządzania wilgocią. Stwierdzono, że struktura powstała z dwuwarstwowego jedwabiu eri (14,3 tex) w połączeniu z bambusem (14,8 tex) i tencelem (14,8 tex) daje najlepsze właściwości. Ze względu na wysoki poziom komfortu i oddychalności jedwab eri w połączeniu z bambusem i tencelem jest zalecany do odzieży wymagającej bardzo dobrych właściwości zarządzania wilgocią.

2

Mechanism of Electrical Conductivity in Metallic Fiber-Based Yarns

Xie Juan, Miao Menghe, Jia Yongtang

Autex Research Journal

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2020

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Vol. 20, no. 1

63--68

EN

We explore the conductive mechanism of yarns made from metallic fibers and/or traditional textile fibers. It has been proposed for the first time, to our knowledge, that probe span length plays a great role in the conductivity of metallic fiber-based yarns, which is determined by the probability and number of conductive fibers appearing on a cross section and their connecting on two neighboring sections in a yarn’s longitudinal direction. The results demonstrate that yarn conductivity is negatively influenced to a large extent by its length when metallic fibers are blended with other nonconductive materials, which is beyond the scope of conductivity theory for metal conductors. In addition, wicking and wetting performances, which interfere with fiber distribution and conductive paths between fibers, have been shown to have a negative influence on the conductivity of metallic fiber-based yarns with various structures and composed of different fiber materials. Such dependence of the conductivity on the probe span length, as well as on the moisture from air and human body, should get attention during investigation of the conductivity of metallic fiber-based composites in use, especially in cases in which conductive yarns are fabricated into flexible circuit boards, antennas, textile electrodes, and sensors.

3

Liquid Moisture Transportation Properties of Functional Underwears: Part 1

Hussain Sajid, Glombikova Viera, Akhtar Nasrullah, Mazari Adnan, Mansoor Tariq, Khan Kanwar Ali Haider

Autex Research Journal

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2019

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Vol. 19, no. 2

97--103

EN

This study investigates the effect of material composition on moisture management properties. Fiber type has significant influence on the moisture management properties of knitted fabrics. In this article, single jerseys knitted fabric samples with different yarn compositions were prepared. Liquid moisture transportation properties including wetting time, absorption rate, spreading speed, one-way transportation capability, and OMMC were evaluated by Moisture Management Tester (MMT) and vertical wicking was evaluated using thermography system and image analysis. Knitted sample having fine cotton yarns with coolmax and micro denier multifilament polypropylene showed best liquid transportation properties. There is a strong co-relation between OMMC and accumulative oneway transport index with vertical wicking of knitted samples.

4

Influence of Knitting Process Parameters on the Thermal Comfort Properties of Eri Silk Knitted Fabrics

Senthil Kumar B., Ramachandran T.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2018

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Vol. 26, no. 5 (131)

47--53

EN

Eri silk, a wild silk variety available in the northeastern states of India, has better softness, tensile and thermal properties. The present study aimed to develop different knitted structures and investigate the influence of knitting process variables on the thermal comfort and wicking properties. Knitted single jersey and single pique fabric structures were produced with two sets of yarns - 25 Tex and 14.32 Tex with three levels of loop length. Thermal properties of the fabric were analysed using an Alambeta instrument, and the wicking ability was measured with a vertical wicking tester. Thermal comfort properties of eri silk were also compared with those of conventional mulberry silk, with the experiment result revealing that eri silk has better comfort values. A statistically significant correlation is found between knitting process parameters viz. the yarn count, loop length knitting structure and the thermal and wickability values of the fabrics.

PL

Jedwab „Eri”, odmiana dzikiego jedwabiu dostępna w północno-wschodnich stanach Indii ma bardzo dobrą miękkość, właściwości rozciągające i termiczne. Przedstawione badania miały na celu opracowanie różnych dzianych struktur i zbadanie wpływu zmiennych procesów dziania na komfort cieplny i właściwości przenoszenia wilgoci. Dzianiny single jersey i pojedyncze struktury typu „pique” zostały wyprodukowane z dwóch zestawów przędz 25 i 14,32 tex. Właściwości termiczne zostały przeanalizowane za pomocą przyrządu Alambeta, a zdolność odprowadzania wilgoci mierzona była za pomocą testera przenoszenia pionowego. Jedwab „Eri” porównano z konwencjonalnym jedwabiem morowym i stwierdzono, że ma on lepsze parametry komfortu cieplnego. Występowała istotna korelacja pomiędzy parametrami procesu dziania (liczebność przędzy, długość pętli, struktura dziania) a właściwościami termicznymi i zdolnością odprowadzania wilgoci.

5

Analysis of Moisture Evaporation from Underwear Designed for Fire-Fighters

Onofrei E., Codau T. C., Petrusic S., Bedek G., Dupont D., Soulat D.

Autex Research Journal

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2015

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Vol. 15, no. 1

35--47

EN

In this study we analysed the effect of moisture on the thermal protective performance of fire-fighter clothing in case of routine fire-fighting conditions. In the first stage of this research we investigated simultaneous heat and moisture transfer through a single-layer fabric, used as underwear for fire-fighters, at different moisture conditions. In the second stage of the study, the underwear in dry and wet state was tested together with protective clothing systems for fire-fighter consisting of three or four layers. It was found that during the evaporation of the moisture, a temperature plateau appeared during which temperatures hardly rose. The energy consumption used for the phase change of moisture located in the assembly dominated the heat transfer process as long as there was moisture present. As soon as all water had evaporated, the temperatures approached the temperatures measured for dry samples. The moisture within the clothing assembly did not lead to increased temperatures compared with the measurements with dry samples. This research has confirmed that moisture can positively affect the thermal protection of a clothing system.

6

The Efficiency of Non-Flammable Functional Underwear

Glombikova V., Komarkova P.

Autex Research Journal

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2014

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Vol. 14, no. 3

174--178

EN

This study evaluates the efficiency of non-flammable functional underwear used as a secondary heat barrier in extreme conditions. Five groups of knitted fabrics were analysed for flame resistance and selected physiological properties (water vapour permeability, air permeability, thermal resistance and liquid moisture transport by moisture management transport). The results indicated similar levels of flame resistance for the materials tested but show important differences in terms of physiological characteristics, namely liquid moisture transport, which influences the safety and comfort of protective clothing.

7

Effect of plasma treatment on the spreading of micro drops through polylactic acid (PLA) and polyester (PET) fabrics

Wardman R. H., Abdrabbo A.

Autex Research Journal

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2010

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Vol. 10, no. 1

1--7

EN

The effect of oxygen plasma treatment on two polyester fibre types, polylactic acid and standard polyester, and the influence on their respective wetting characteristics is investigated. A novel analytical system, based on image analysis, was developed for measuring the rate of spreading and dynamic movement of liquid over the fabrics. The techniques of X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were utilized to examine the nature of the surface modifications after the plasma treatment. The analyses showed that the oxygen plasma treatment abraded the surface of the PLA fibres, but did not alter their chemical nature, whilst the surfaces of the PET fibres were less abraded, but had enhanced polarity due to an increase in carbonyl groups. The increased surface abrasion made little difference to the wetting or wicking rates of water on PLA fibres, but the increased polarity made a large difference to the rates on PET fibres.

8

Moisture transmission through textiles. Part II: Evaluation methods and mathematical modelling

Das B., Das A., Kothari V. K., Fanguiero R., Araújo M.

Autex Research Journal

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2007

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Vol. 7, no. 3

194--216

EN

The moisture transmission behaviour of a clothing assembly plays a very important role in influencing its efficiency with respect to thermophysiological body comfort. This paper is in two parts. Part I deals with the processes involved in moisture transmission and the factors at play. Part II is concerned with selecting the measurement techniques which are of great importance in determining fabric factors that influence comfort. The instruments and methods used for testing purposes should adequately simulate the exact conditions for which the fabric will be used, in order to determine the effectiveness of that fabric for a particular wearing situation and environmental condition. The testing methods used and the apparatus developed by different researchers for determining moisture transmission through textiles by different mechanisms are discussed in this paper. Moreover, this part of the paper deals with the mathematical models of liquid and vapour transport through textile materials developed by several scientists in order to understand the exact phenomena involved and to predict the factors affecting the transmission under a particular condition.

9

Moisture transmission through textiles. Part I: Processes involved in moisture transmission and the factors at play

Das B., Das A., Kothari V. K., Fanguiero R., Araújo M.

Autex Research Journal

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2007

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Vol. 7, no. 2

100--110

EN

Moisture transmission through textiles has a great influence on the thermo-physiological comfort of the human body which is maintained by perspiring both in vapour and liquid form. The clothing to be worn should allow this perspiration to be transferred to the atmosphere in order to maintaining the thermal balance of the body. Diffusion, absorption-desorption and convection of vapour perspiration along with wetting and wicking of liquid perspiration play a significant role in maintaining thermo-physiological comfort. The scientific understanding of the processes involved in moisture transmission through textiles and the factors affecting these processes are important to designing fabrics and clothing assemblies with efficient moisture transfer in different environment and workload conditions. This paper is in two parts.Part I focuses on the moisture transmission through textile materials and it discusses the processes involved in moisture transmission and the key influencing factors at play to maintaining comfort. It is underlined that the processes which play the major role in moisture transmission in a particular situation are dependant on the moisture content of the fabric, the type of material used, the perspiration rate and the atmospheric conditions, such as humidity, temperature and wind speed. Part II is concerned with the selection of the measurement techniques which are of great importance in determining fabric factors that influence comfort. The instruments and methods used for testing purposes should adequately simulate the exact conditions for which the fabric will be used, in order to determine the effectiveness of that fabric for a particular wearing situation and environmental condition. The testing methods used and the apparatus developed by different researchers for determining moisture transmission through textiles by different mechanisms are discussed in this paper. Moreover, this part of the paper deals with the mathematical models of liquid and vapour transport through textile materials developed by several scientists in order to understand the exact phenomena involved and to predict the factors affecting the transmission under a particular condition. When designing the comfort of a clothing product for a particular application, the requirements may result from needs concerning the application, the individual wearer and the environmental conditions.

10

Gas flow around and through textile structures during plasma treatment

Verschuren J., Kiekens P.

Autex Research Journal

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2005

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Vol. 5, no. 3

154--161

EN

An experimental plasma reactor has been developed that enables the study of aspects related to the flow of a gas around and into textile structures while they are treated in a plasma at reduced pressure. A selection of experiments draws attention to the fact that even at reduced pressure a textile forms a barrier for a gas containing plasma-created species, resulting in an 'edge effect'. It is also shown how basic variations in the structure of a textile influence the penetration of the treatment effect. The ratio of textile thickness to its porosity is proposed as a simple rule of thumb for assessing the effect of penetration and etching efficiency.

11

Wicking and wetting in textiles

Wiener J., Dejlová P.

Autex Research Journal

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2003

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Vol. 3, no. 2

64--71

EN

The proposed model is based on the simplified description of the thread structure, and it works with the textile description of thread st ructure. The following textile parameters are used in the model: fineness of fibres, and number of fibres at the cross-section in the bundle and the filling. The formation of the liquid in the longitudinal textile is described in detail, and particular phenomena are discussed. Important parameters are used in the model of wicking. The parameters with very small influence in usual threads are disregarded. The proposed wicking model allows a functional dependence of suction height on the parameters of the fibre bundl e to be expressed in analytical form.