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PL
Artykuł podejmuje próbę dyskusji nad metodą uproszczoną oceny odporności budynków na wpływy od eksploatacji górniczej. Zwraca uwagę na kilka problemów związanych z interpretacją i sposobem stosowania wspomnianej metody oraz zawiera propozycje pewnych modyfikacji punktacji. Podejmuje również problem oceny obiektów podzielonych na oddylatowane segmenty.
EN
Concerning the issue of the resistance of buildings to mining activities, this paper refers to the most popular simplified method as contemplated in the title thereof and developed by the State Mining Authority in the 1960s, and sometimes referred to as the localised method. Selected problems and issues relating to using this method in practice have been subjected to analysis in this article, namely: the lack of differentiation between the occurring horizontal tensile deformations and horizontal compressive deformations, the feasibility of evaluating the buildings constructed using new technologies, and/or with special bracing reinforcement, the soil load-bearing capacity analysis, and the evaluation of buildings located in the areas where no mining operations have been performed. Another problem discussed herein is the measurement and design calculation of expansion joints in segmented structures. This paper proposes a modification of the method concerning the complementary table, the score rating of specific building length dimensions, and the rating of the deployed building reinforcement. As repeatedly emphasized in the literature, the contemplated simplified method is a statistical tool only and will always be encumbered with a certain error margin. Beyond any doubt, it is necessary to consider this approach when evaluating a large number of buildings within a relatively short time. However, the reliability of the analysis warrants the typing of buildings that feature dubious structural and material solutions or other unclear issues, followed by an evaluation of, for instance, 10% of the investigated structures using an expert-oriented approach.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia konkretny przypadek zastosowania odcięcia budynku od podłoża gruntowego w celu umożliwienia bezpiecznego przejęcia wpływów ściskających od planowanej eksploatacji górniczej. Profilaktykę przeprowadzono w trzech obiektach jednorodzinnych położonych w Jastrzębiu-Zdroju. Artykuł omawia dokonane i prognozowane wpływy eksploatacji górniczej na wspomniane budynki oraz zawiera opis zastosowanych rozwiązań wraz z wstępną oceną ich skuteczności.
EN
This paper showcases a specific application example of how building structures are isolated from the subsoil to enable safe transmission of compressive effects caused by scheduled mining operations. The showcased single-family houses are located at Ks. J. Twardowskiego street in Jastrzębie-Zdrój, Poland, which is an area of intense mining operations carried out by KWK (Hard Coal Mine) Borynia-Zofiówka-Jastrzębie, Zofiówka Section. The buildings in this study have been exposed to mining effects since 1972. An analysis completed in the years 2011 to 2013 proves that the structures will continue to be exposed to Category IV compressive effects. The buildings were built between the years 1928 and 1960 as traditional brickwork structures, and subsequently reinforced by two-tier bracing with steel anchors. Since brace anchoring is ineffective against compressive effects, works were completed in 2013 to isolate the structures from the subsoil and install a 20 cm thick polystyrene band. The current technical condition of the studied buildings and the opinions of their owners allow the conclusion that the said method of protection against compressive effects of mining has been successful. No new damage has been found since the isolation work, and in the case of one of the residential buildings discussed herein, damage to the foot pavement between the residence and the utility building has ceased to occur.
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