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Wodorowe uszlachetnianie ciekłych produktów pirolizy odpadowych poliolefin. Cz. I. Uszlachetnianie ciekłych produktów otrzymanych w warunkach laboratoryjnych

Tokarska A.

Polimery

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2011

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T. 56, nr 6

484-488

PL

Przedstawiono wyniki badań procesu wodorowego uszlachetniania ciekłych produktów pirolizy odpadowych poliolefin. Do uwodornienia surowców zawierających 40-50 % mas. składników nienasyconych zastosowano procesy hydrorafinacji na przemysłowym katalizatorze CoMo i hydrogenizacji na katalizatorze NiCr. Hydrorafinację najkorzystniej jest prowadzić w temp. 300 °C i pod ciśnieniem 6-7 MPa, wysyceniu ulega wówczas ok. 80 % mas. składników nienasyconych. W procesie uszlachetniania można też wykorzystać gaz koksowniczy, a także metanol jako czynnik donorowodorowy. Uszlachetnione ciekłe produkty pirolizy mogą stanowić bezsiarkowe komponenty paliw silnikowych.

EN

The results of hydrorefining of the liquid products obtained in the pyrolysis of waste polyolefins have been presented. The waste polyolefin pyrolytic products were composed of 40-50 wt. % of unsaturated components (Table 1). Hydrorefining was performed over an industrial CoMo catalyst while hydrogenation was carried out in the presence of a NiCr catalyst (Table 2). The highest yields in the hydrorefining process were obtained at 300 °C under 6-8 MPa pressure (Figs. 2-4). About 80 % of the unsaturated components underwent saturation. Coke-oven gas and methanol have also been found to be possible hydrogen donors in the hydrorefining process (Fig. 6). The hydrorefined products can be applied as non-sulfuric components in engine.

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Problematyka uzyskiwania frakcji paliwowych z węgla i odpadowych poliolefin

Tokarska A.

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2008

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Tom 10

533-543

EN

The alternative sources of liquid fuels are: renewable raw materials, coal and waste polyolefins. Liquid fuels may be obtained from coal using two methods: o indirect method, composes of coal gasification to the gas synthesis, and then the synthesis of hydrocarbons using Fischer-Tropsch method, o direct method, based on the Bergiusa process and consists in direct hydrogenation of coal to the liquid product, so-called "coal oil". Waste poliolefins (PO), which have the highest part in the stream of waste artificial materials and, it is estimated, produced each year in the amount of about 1-1.5 million of Mg (divergences in balance result from the import of ready products) are the potential source of fuel fractions. The pyrolysis of waste PO, conducted in laboratory conditions, runs under the atmospheric pressure in the range of temperatures 300-420°C. Material undergoes reaction in above 90% of mass, and the main product is the liquid one, obtained in the quantity about 80% of mass. Pyrolysis products of PO do not contain sulphur, however the portion of unsaturated compounds comes to 50%, so their refining is necessary. The second technology using waste PO is their thermal and catalytic decomposition in mixture with the technological oil of petroleum origin. Till end of 2006 according to this technology worked two industrial installations (in Jasło Refinery and AGROB EKO in Zabrze), which can deliver together about 40 thousands of Mg of the product annually. Series of tests hydrocracking of two industrial fractions, which proprieties are presented in Table 1, and fraction balances in Figure 4 were conducted. Tests of hydrocrackingu of material I was carried out on catalyst K I, and material II on catalyst K II. 8 tests of hydrocracking were conducted on each catalyst, in total time about 20 hours. The parameters of processes were following: temperature - 300 and 450°C, pressure - 6 and 8 MPa, mass loading of catalyst - 2 and 2.4 h-1. Conducted series of tests of hydrocrackingu process gave moderately satisfactory results. Obtained products contained higher portion of components distilling to 360°C. Such increase in case of both materials was about 15% of volume. It concerned mainly fraction about the range of the petrol boiling. Portion of fraction with the range of boiling of diesel oil stayed on the same level as in initial materials.

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Technological possibility of thermal and pressure degradation of waste polyolefins in the presence of liquid reagents

Mianowski A., Baraniec I.

Czasopismo Techniczne. Chemia

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2008

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R. 105, z. 2-Ch

339-349

EN

Recycling of waste polyolefins is important as a hydrocarbon source for fuel production and for environmental protection as well. The technological possibility of thermal and pressure degradation of waste polyolefins in the presence of liquid reagents, was proposed. Basic physicochemical properties of products obtained in presented methods of polyolefins processing were characterized and discussed.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono warianty technologiczne utylizacji odpadowych poliolefin, wykorzystując najprostsze metody termicznego rozkładu pod zwiększonym ciśnieniem, w kierunku pozyskiwania wysokowartościowych frakcji węglowodorowych. Scharakteryzowano podstawowe właściwości fizykochemiczne otrzymanych produktów.

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Hydrocracking used to process polyolefin wastes

Tokarska A.

Czasopismo Techniczne. Chemia

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2008

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R. 105, z. 2-Ch

302-309

EN

The paper presents results of tests connected with hydrocracking processes of fluid products of polyolefin wastes pyrolysis. The material contained 30-55% v/v of components with boiling range below 360[degrees]C. Two catalysts, NiW, were used. The catalyst worktime, temperature and pressure were tested in aspect of their influence on fraction composition of the products.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań związanych z procesem hydrokrakingu ciekłych produktów pirolizy odpadowych poliolefin. Materiał zawierał 30-55% v/v składników o temperaturze wrzenia poniżej 360[stopni]C. W badaniach wykorzystano dwa katalizatory NiW. Badano wpływ ciśnienia oraz czasu pracy katalizatora na skład frakcyjny produktu.