Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

High-Performance Workwear for Coal Miners in Northern China: Design and Performance Evaluation

Ke Ying, Zheng Qing, Wang Faming, Wang Min, Wang Yi

Autex Research Journal

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2022

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Vol. 22, no. 2

155--162

EN

The design of workwear has significant effects on worker performance. However, the current workwear for coal miners in Northern China is poor in fitness and thermal comfort. In this study, new workwear (NEW) for coal miners was developed with the design features providing better cold protection and movement comfort performance, as compared with a commonly worn workwear (CON). To evaluate the effectiveness of NEW, we conducted human trials which were performed using simulated work movements (i.e., sitting, shoveling, squatting, and crawling) in a climate chamber (10°C, 75% RH). Physiological measurements and perceptual responses were obtained. The results demonstrated that the local skin temperatures at chest, scapula, thigh, and calf; mean skin temperatures,; and thermal comfort in NEW were significantly higher than those in CON. NEW also exerted an improvement in enhancing movement comfort. We conclude that NEW could meet well with the cold protective and mobility requirements.

2

Thermal Manikin Measurements - Exact or Not?

Anttonen H., Niskanen J., Meinander H., Bartels V., Kuklane K., Reinertsen R. E., Varieras S., Sołtyński K.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2004

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Vol. 10, No. 3

291--300

EN

According to the European prestandard ENV 342:1998 [1], the thermal insulation of cold-protective clothing is measured with a thermal manikin. Systematic studies on the reproducibility of the values, measured with different types of clothing on the commonly used standing and walking manikins, have not been reported in the literature. Over 300 measurements were done in 8 different European laboratories. The reproducibility of the thermal insulation test results was good. The coefficient of variation was lower than 8%. The measured clothing should fit the manikin precisely, because poorly fitting clothing gave an error in the results. The correlation between parallel and serial insulation values was excellent and parallel values were about 20% lower than serial ones. The influence of ambient conditions was critical only in the case of air velocity. The reproducibility of thermal insulation test results in a single laboratory was good, and the variation was lower than 3%.

3

The Use of Footwear Insulation Values Measured on a Thermal Foot Model

Kuklane K.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2004

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Vol. 10, No. 1

79--86

EN

The use of physiological data from human tests in modelling should consider background data, such as activity, environmental factors and clothing insulation on the whole body. The present paper focuses on local thermal comfort of feet with special attention on the effects of physical changes of footwear thermal properties. An alternative test method is available for footwear thermal testing besides the standard method. The possibility to use insulation values acquired on a thermal foot model in practice is shown here. The paper describes the correlation between cold and pain sensations, and foot skin temperatures of the subjects and relates these to insulation measured on a thermal foot model. Recommendations are made for footwear choice according to environmental temperature.

4

The Influence of Sweating on the Heat Transmission Properties of Cold Protective Clothing Studied With a Sweating Thermal Manikin

Meinander H., Hellsten M.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2004

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Vol. 10, No. 3

263--269

EN

One of the objectives of the European SUBZERO project was to study the influence of sweat evaporation and condensation on the heat transmission properties of cold protective clothing. With the sweating thermal manikin Coppelius, water vapour transfer through and water condensation in the clothing can be determined simultaneously with the thermal insulation. In this study, 4 cold protective ensembles, intended for use temperatures between 0 and -50 °C, were measured with the dry manikin and at 2 different sweating rates. In addition, the ensembles were measured with non-sweating thermal manikins and in wear trials.

5

Effect of Sweating on Insulation of Footwear

Kuklane K., Holmer I.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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1998

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Vol. 4, No. 2

123--136

EN

The study aimed to find out the influence of sweating on footwear insulation with a thermal foot model. Simultaneously, the influence of applied weight (35 kg), sock, and steel toe cap were studied. Water to 3 sweat glands wassupplied with a pump at the rate of 10 g/hr in total. Four models of boots with steel toe caps were tested. The same models were manufactured also without steel toe. Sweating reduced footwear insulation 19-25% (30-37% in toes). During static conditions, only a minimal amount of sweat evaporated from boots. Weight affected sole insulation: Reduction depended on compressibility of sole material. The influence of steel toe varied with insulation. The method of thermal foot model appears to be a practical tool for footwear evaluation.

6

Effect of Footwear Insulation on Thermal Responses in the Cold

Kuklane K., Geng Q, Holmer I.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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1998

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Vol. 4, No. 2

137--152

EN

The influence of footwear insulation on foot skin temperature in the cold at low activity was investigated. Simultaneously, the thermal and pain sensations, and the influence of steel toe cap were studied. Eight participants were exposed for 85 min to 3 environmental temperatures ( + 3, - 12, and -25°C) wearing 5 different boots. Insulation of footwear was determined with a thermal foot model. The study showed the importance of insulation forkeeping feet warm. Other factors, such as wetness and vasomotor response, however, modified the thermal response. The most affected parts were toes and heels. Cold and pain sensations were connected with considerably lower temperatures in these local points. No significant differences were observed between boots with and without steel toe cap.