Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Assessment of the impact of working risks in the exploitation of raw materials

Seňová Andrea, Pavolová Henrieta, Škvareková Erika

Management Systems in Production Engineering

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2023

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nr 1 (31)

86--94

EN

The presented article deals with the use and evaluation of individual risks of work in the environment of Slovak mining company. The mining company is also a manufacturing company. The company mines the raw material and the final product (clinker). The main goal of the article is to monitor the incidence of accidents over the last 10 years, to analyse the group of risks that have a significant impact on accidents in mining companies and to evaluate them. The Risk Matrix, shows the relationship between estimated consequences and probability of risks formation. The next step is to use the workplace Risk Assessment Method to define acceptable risks and minimize the impact on workers. Another method we used is the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) model. The output of the FTA model is the creation of a faulty tree, which resulted in the individual traumatized accidents that resulted in the definition of the resulting risk - namely a load injury.

2

Optimization model for planning set of measures to prevent occupational injuries in machine-building enterprises

Stupnytska Nataliya, Stupnytskyy Vadym

Journal of KONBiN

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2020

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Vol. 50, iss. 1

117--129

EN

Criteria of occupational injuries potential risk in the machine-building industry are described in the article. Systemic analysis of the structure of the measures to prevent occupational injuries is given. Main tasks to reduce the risk of industrial injury at the machinebuilding enterprise are analysed. The methodology for optimal planning of accident prevention measures at the machine-building enterprise is described. A mathematical interpretation of the problem is given. The objective function is an argument of the maximum integral effectiveness for the set of planned measures to prevent occupational injuries. Constraint set of the optimization model describes the impossibility to exceed the allowable limit of cost, the feasibility and the possibility of implementing the measure’s plan reasoning from the technological and construction requirements of existing production engineering.

PL

W artykule opisano kryteria potencjalnego ryzyka urazów w pracy w przemyśle maszynowym. Podano analizę systemową struktury środków służących zapobieganiu urazów w miejscu pracy. Dokonano analizy głównych zadań mających na celu zmniejszenie ryzyka urazów w przedsiębiorstwach budowy maszyn. Przedstawiono matematyczną interpretację wspomnianego problemu. Funkcja celu jest argumentem maksymalnej integralnej skuteczności w odniesieniu do pakietu środków służących zapobieganiu urazów w miejscu pracy. Ograniczony pakiet modelu optymalizacyjnego opisuje niemożność przekroczenia dozwolonego limitu kosztów, wykonalność oraz możliwość wdrożenia uzasadnionego planu działania na podstawie wymagań technologicznych i konstrukcyjnych istniejącej technologii produkcji.

3

Analysis of Working Postures at a Construction Site Using the OWAS Method

Lee T. H., Han C. S.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2013

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Vol. 19, No. 2

245--250

EN

This study used OWAS to analyze the working postures of construction workers on building the foundations of a log cabin. Three construction workers, with an average work experience of 40 years, participated in this study. Eight elementary jobs of building the foundations of a log cabin were videotaped at a construction site and analyzed later in the laboratory. For an overall distribution of trunk postures, OWAS identified that a bent and twisted trunk posture (34%), which fell into action category 3, was the major poor posture for construction workers. This study also identified that tying beams with steel bars, assembling column templates, and cement grouting of the ground were the 3 principal jobs in which workers building the foundations exhibited poor working posture. This article suggests ways to reduce and evaluate poor posture in a dynamic construction site.

4

Hand Injury From Powered Wood Splitters: Machine Safety, Patterns of Use and Injury Events

Lindqvist A., Nilsson O.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2011

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Vol. 17, No. 2

175--186

EN

Introduction. The purpose of this study was to describe factors of possible importance for the occurrence of hand injury from powered wood splitters. Patients. Patients were identified by a computerized patient registry. Information was obtained from hospital records, a written questionnaire and a structured telephone interview. Results. Very few splitters were constructed according to European standards. Twenty-one percent of patients injured with wedge splitters thought that having more than one person at the machine was one cause of the accident. Seventy-nine percent of patients injured with screw splitters stated that glove use was one cause of the accident. Conclusions. The level of safety in wood splitters that cause hand injury is often poor. Having more than one person at the machine during work may contribute to wedge splitter injury. Glove use commonly contributes to screw splitter injury. Prevention should be directed towards unsafe machines and dangerous patterns of use.

5

Temporal Trend of Occupational Injuries; First Versus Second Half of a Working Shift

Sanati K. A., Yadegarfar G., Naghavi H., Mansouri M., Sanati J. G. H.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2010

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Vol. 16, No. 1

49--54

EN

Objectives. To assess occupational injuries in the 1st versus 2nd half of a working shift in terms of (a) the likelihood of hospital referral following an injury event; (b) the external causes of injuries. Methods. Logistic regression analyses of data from a 16-year (1991–2007) experience of ongoing surveillance of occupational injuries in a synthetic fiber factory in Iran. Results. The likelihood of a hospital referral following an injury in the 1st half of a shift was higher than in the 2nd half (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10–2.00). Comparing the 2 halves of the shift, an injury occurring in the 2nd half was more likely to be due to exposure to smoke, fire and flames (OR 2.34, 95% CI 1.06–5.19) or transport accidents (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.06–3.21). Conclusions. Time-specific safety interventions could be used in the risk management of occupational injuries. Further studies to investigate the effect of time-dependent interventions are recommended.

6

Attributes of Occupational Injury Among Workers in the Chemical Industry and Safety Issues

Khan M. M. A., Halim Z. I., Iqbal M.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2006

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Vol. 12, No. 3

327--341

EN

Case-study research was carried out with a view to find the attributes of occupational injury among workers in the chemical industry and to enhance safety issues. Injury data were collected and processed in terms of different variables, such as age, gender, skills, type of hazard, etc. Pareto analysis was then applied to find a pattern of occupational injury among the workers. The study revealed that 79.52% of the injured workers were in the 40–59 age group; 57.14% of accidents occurred during the 1st shift; 73.26% of accidents caused injury to hands, feet, chest to thigh, arms and eyes; and 70.93% of injuries were caused by pumps, carrying and lifting, vehicles, pipelines, valves, and grinding. Surprisingly, no one was injured in the group of temporary workers. The paper also provides specific suggestions followed by some action plans.