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Zabezpieczenie dzieci przewożonych w pojazdach samochodowych

Jackowski J., Wiśniewska O.

Logistyka

2014

nr 3

2444--2452

W pracy podano dane statystyczne związane z wypadkami drogowymi z udziałem dzieci w Polsce. Przedstawiono wymagania normatywne związane z koniecznością ochrony najmłodszych uczestników ruchu drogowego przewożonych w samochodzie osobowym. Opisano podstawowe konstrukcje fotelików oraz sposoby ich usytuowania i umocowania w samochodzie. Scharakteryzowano testy zderzeniowe prowadzone dla różnych grup dzieci (fotelików) i podano graniczne wartości przemieszczeń i przyspieszeń, którym podlegają manekiny dzieci podczas testów zderzeniowych.

The paper contains statistical data related to road accidents involving children on Poland. Normative requirements related to necessity of protection of the youngest road users transported in motor vehicle are presented. The paper describes basic structures of child car seats, methods of placement and mounting in the car. Crash tests performed for various groups of children (car seats) are characterized and limits of displacements and accelerations that affect child mannequins during the tests are presented.

An approach to improve passive safety by means of "active bumper" which compensates the łuck of cars compatibility as well as different aggressivity when frontal impact of a large truck and a motor car is under consideration

Kaźmierczak A., Górniak A., Kawaliło P., Krakowian K.

Journal of KONES

2010

Vol. 17, No. 3

181-188

The seriousness of an impact "large truck - motor vehicle" has been exhibited. The procedures of truck and motor car s crash testing were compared in order to point out the necessity of car s crashworthiness investigation in terms of compatibility and impacts between vehicles with large difference in mass and rigidity. Furthermore the paper explains a course of frontal impact between large truck and motor car in order to proof the necessity of cars compatibility as well as aggressivity investigation. The mass effect along with rigidity effect was exhibited as well. Moreover, the paper explains the design as well as objectives of the passive safety devices of both motor car and large truck. The concept of another, innovative passive safety device such as "active bumper" has been emphasized. Its working principia, adaptive control as well as the diagrammatically presented design were pointed out. The bumpers control is very difficult as it will be entirely independent from a driver and it has to operate in random condition, therefore, the paper contains a proposition of controlling algorithm of the "active bumper". It also contains explanation of adaptation of the "active bumper" with various working condition as well as consideration of the "active bumper" application with various types of large trucks design.