Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Decision support for choosing a scenario for organizing urban transport system with share of electric vehicles

Jacyna Marianna, Żochowska Renata, Sobota Aleksander, Wasiak Mariusz

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

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2022

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z. 117

69--89

EN

This article presents the issue of using decision support tools to select the variant of organization of urban transport system. Two scenarios for the use of electric vehicles were compared, considering not only their emissions and fuel consumption but also the limited accessibility of conventional vehicles to the city. The authors assume that the development of urban traffic organization must go hand in hand with the challenges of planning sustainable urban mobility and reducing harmful exhaust fumes. Furthermore, decision-makers should be equipped with simple decision support tools to generate the best option considering the expectations of transport users. The PTV VISUM tool was used to analyse and visualize two different organization scenarios for a selected city in Poland.

2

Water and Sewage Management in The Districts of Lubuskie Voivodeship, Poland

Płuciennik-Koropczuk Ewelina, Myszograj Sylwia

Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports

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2022

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Vol. 32, no. 4

345--375

EN

Since 1991, Poland has been taking steps to organize the country's wastewater management in order to meet the requirements of Council Directive 91/271/EEC. The current goals to achieve the said requirements are set in the VI update of the National Urban Wastewater Treatment Program (KPOŚK) and has to be achieved to 2027. The article presents the status of water and wastewater management in the districts of Lubuskie Voivodeship, Poland in 2021, in relation to year 2017. The degree of water supply and sewerage system, as well as wastewater systems management in individual agglomerations of Lubuskie Voivodeship are defined.

3

Causes of groundwater level and chemistry changes in an urban area; a case study of Warsaw, Poland

Krogulec Ewa, Gruszczyński Tomasz, Kowalczyk Sebastian, Małecki Jerzy J., Porowska Dorota, Sawicka Katarzyna, Trzeciak Joanna, Wojdalska Anna, Zabłocki Sebastian, Zaszewski Daniel

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2022

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Vol. 72, no. 4

495--517

EN

The presented studies focus on changes in groundwater levels and chemistry, and the identification of important factors influencing these changes on short- and long-term scales in urban areas. The results may be useful for rational and sustainable groundwater planning and management in cities. The studies concerned three aquifers: (1) the shallow Quaternary aquifer, (2) the deep Quaternary aquifer, and (3) the Oligocene aquifer in the capital city of Warsaw (Poland). The spatial variability of groundwater recharge was determined and its changes in time were characterized. The characteristics of groundwater levels were based on long-term monitoring series. The results indicate that urban development has caused overall reduction in infiltration recharge (from 54 to 51 mm/year), which is particularly clear in the city suburbs and in its centre, where land development has significantly densified during the last 30 years. Studies of groundwater levels indicate variable long-term trends. However, for the shallowest aquifer, the trends indicate a gradual decrease of the groundwater levels. In the case of the much deeper Oligocene aquifer, groundwater table rise is observed since the 1970s (averagely c. 20 m), which is related with excessive pumping. Based on the studied results, the groundwater chemistry in the subsurface aquifer indicates strong anthropogenic influence, which is reflected in multi-ionic hydrogeochemical types and the occurrence of chemical tracers typical of human activity. The Oligocene aquifer is characterized by a chemical composition indicating the influence of geogenic factors.

4

Obszarowe i punktowe sposoby regeneracji tkanki miejskiej na przykładzie Łodzi

Warsza Robert, Tomczak Anna Aneta

Builder

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2021

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R.25, nr 11

22--25

PL

Ostatnia dekada przyniosła Łodzi wielką rewolucję przestrzenną. Miasto stało się liderem rewitalizacji w Polsce, a mnogość zastosowanych rozwiązań może służyć jako dobry i zły przykład dla innych samorządów czy organizacji. Działania te można podzielić na proste i złożone, punktowe i obszarowe, publiczne i prywatne. Ich celem jest podnoszenie jakości życia, pobudzanie świadomości wartości lokalnych, poprawa samodzielności ekonomicznej wspólnot w tkance materialnej kontynuującej historyczną ciągłość obszaru.

EN

The last decade has brought about a great spatial revolution in Lodz. The city has become an urban regeneration leader in Poland and the multitude of solutions applied there can serve as both good and bad examples for other local governments or organisations. These activities can be divided into the simple and the complex, spot- versus area-focused, public and private initiatives. The aim of all of them is to improve the quality of life, to stimulate awareness of local values, and to improve the economic independence of communities in the material fabric creating the historical continuity of the area.

5

Problematyka kształtowania wnętrz urbanistycznych w aspekcie zmian klimatycznych

Kucharska Agnieszka, Janiszewska-Ostrowska Klaudia

Builder

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2020

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R.24, nr 5

33--35

PL

Wnętrza urbanistyczne istotnie wpływają na formowanie przestrzeni zurbanizowanej, a wespół z terenami biologicznie czynnymi (parki, skwery itp.) oddziałują na estetykę otoczenia i aktywność mieszkańców. W niniejszym artykule poddano badaniom teoretycznym, własnym oraz analizom, jaki wpływ ma forma wnętrz urbanistycznych na mikroklimat danej części obszaru miasta. Wyniki stały się punktem wyjścia do rozważań na temat wpływu powierzchni biologicznie czynnej na jakość mikroklimatu wnętrza urbanistycznego. Wysunięto tym samym przypuszczenie o możliwości jego kształtowania za pomocą różnorodnych materiałów, rozwiązań technicznych i technologicznych oraz możliwościach wprowadzenia zmian we współczesnym myśleniu o projektowaniu tych przestrzeni. W niniejszym artykule odniesiono się jednocześnie do współczesnych nam trendów urbanistycznych. Finalnie podjęto próbę wykazania, jakie przesłanki powinny kierować urbanistów w kształtowaniu wnętrz urbanistycznych w aspekcie poprawy klimatu zarówno w danym miejscu, jak i całej przestrzeni miejskiej.

EN

Urban exteriors have a significant influence in the formation of urbanized space, affecting the quality of life of its residents. Together with biologically active areas (parks, squares etc.) they affect the aesthetics of the surroundings and the activity of the inhabitants. The article shows both theoretical and own research, as well as the impact of urban interior form on the microclimate of a given part of the city area, resulting in starting points for reflection on the impact of biologically active surface on the quality of urban interior microclimate. Thus, the assumption was made about the possibility of shaping it using various materials, technical and technological solutions and the possibilities of introducing changes in contemporary thinking about the design of these spaces. This article presents the results of research of the topic, referring to contemporary urban trends. The implementation was an attempt to show what premises should guide urban planners in shaping urban interiors in terms of improving the climate in a given place and the entire urban space.

6

Possible solutions for the flight of several unmanned aircraft systems in urban areas

Martinec František, Koblen Ivan, Krajčík Vladimír, Lazar Václav

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

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2019

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z. 103

105--118

EN

The development and use of unmanned airborne systems are currently undergoing a huge transformation. This allows the development of computer technology, new materials for their construction. Reducing airborne funds would enable them to be widely used. This applies to not only military use but also mainly civil use, industrial and commercial use as well. This new use brings new challenges, including security, legislative, technical, social, and so forth. This paper focused on the possibility of having several Unmanned Aircraft Systems movement in urban areas. It contains the description of a philosophical proposal of flight corridors and flight trajectories in urban areas with the example of a small town.

7

Monitoring the change in land surface temperature and urban areas using Satellite images. Case study Kafr El-Sheikh City – Egypt

Zeidan Zaki M., Beshr Ashraf A. A., Soliman Sanaa S.

Geodesy and Cartography

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2019

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Vol. 68, no. 2

389--404

EN

In recent years, the rate of urban growth has increased rapidly especially in Egypt, due to the increase in population growth. The Egyptian government has set up new cities and established large factories, roads and bridges in new places to solve this trouble. This paper investigates the change monitoring of land surface temperature, urban and agricultural area in Egypt especially Kafr EL-Sheikh city as case study using high resolution satellite images. Nowadays, satellite images are playing an important role in detecting the change of urban growth. In this paper, cadastral map for Kafr El-Sheikh city with scale 1:5000, images from Landsat 7 with accuracy 30 meters; images from Google Earth with accuracy 0.5 meter; and images from SAS Planet with accuracy 0.5 m are used where all images are available during the study period (for year’s 2003, 2006, 2009, 2012, 2015 and 2017). The analysis has been performed in a platform of Geographical Information System (GIS) configured with Remote Sensing system using ArcGIS 10.3 and ERDAS Imagine image processing software. From the processing and analysis of the specified images during the studied time period, it is found that the building area was increased by 28.8% from year 2003 up to 2017 from Google Earth images and increased by percentage 34.4% from year 2003 up to year 2017 from supervised Landsat 7 images but for unsupervised Landsat 7 images, the building area was increased by percentage 35.9%. In this study, land surface temperature (LST) was measured also from satellite images for different years through 2003 until 2017. It is deduced that the increase in the building area (urban growth) in the specified city led to increase the land surface temperature (LST) which will affect some agricultural crops. Depending on the results of images analysis, Forecasting models using different algorithms for the urban and agricultural area was built. Finally, it is deduced that integration of spacebased remote sensing technology with GIS tools provide better platform to perform such activities.

8

Design and implementation of ITS systems in urban agglomerations – selected system problems

Karoń G., Mikulski J., Janecki R.

Archives of Transport System Telematics

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2019

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Vol. 12, iss. 1

17--21

EN

The article presents selected system problems regarding the design and implementation of ITS systems. Issues concern areas of urban agglomerations and urban ITS systems. Problems were identified during the work on the ITS system’s pre-design documentation for one of the cities of the Upper Silesian Agglomeration in Poland.

9

Stężenia wybranych metali ciężkich w igłach sosny zwyczajnej z wybranych obszarów Polski

Gamrat R., Ligocka K.

Inżynieria Ekologiczna

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2018

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Vol. 19, nr 1

61--65

PL

Celem podjętych badań był wstępny monitoring stężeń wybranych metali ciężkich (Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Pb, Zn) w igłach sosny zwyczajnej (Pinus sylvestris L.) w zależności od miejsca poboru próbek. Do badań wytypowano trzy obszary badawcze (Świeradów Zdrój, Świnoujście, Byszyno), z których pobrano łącznie 14 próbek zbiorczych. Stężenia metali ciężkich oznaczone w próbkach igieł sosny zwyczajnej pochodzących z jednego obszaru badawczego są zbliżone. Świadczyć to może o zdolnościach bioindykacyjnych sosny zwyczajnej. Stężenia poszczególnych metali ciężkich pochodzące z trzech różnych obszarów badawczych wykazują duże różnice w ich stężeniu. Analizy statystyczne wykazały statystyczne istotne różnice (test Tukeya p≤0,05) stężeń wybranych metali ciężkich w próbkach igieł sosny zwyczajnej jedynie z obszaru Świeradowa Zdrój.

EN

The aim of the research was preliminary monitoring of selected heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Pb Zn) concentrations in pine needles (Pinus sylvestris L.). Three research areas were selected for the study (Świeradów Zdrój, Świnoujście, Byszyno), from which a total of 14 aggregate samples were collected. Heavy metals concentrations in Scots pine needles samples from one research area were similar. This may indicate the bioindication abilities of Scots pine. Concentrations of individual heavy metals, from three different research areas, showed quite large differences. Statistical significant differences (Tukey›s test p≤0.05) of concentrations of selected heavy metals in samples of pine needles were noted only on the Świeradów Zdrój area.

10

Warianty lokalizacji elektrowni wiatrowych w obszarze zurbanizowanym na podstawie pomiaru prędkości wiatru - badania wstępne

Teleszewski T.J.

Budownictwo o Zoptymalizowanym Potencjale Energetycznym

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2018

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Vol. 7 Nr 1

83--88

PL

Przedstawiono warianty lokalizacji elektrowni wiatrowej na podstawie pomiarów prędkości powietrza w różnych częściach zabudowy miejskiej. Elektrownie wiatrowe najczęściej związane są z obszarem niezurbanizowanym ze względu na niewielką szorstkość terenu. W przypadku obszarów zurbanizowanych możliwość zastosowania elektrowni wiatrowych jest bardzo ograniczona z powodu znacznej szorstkości terenu. W przypadku terenu zabudowanego istnieje możliwość zastosowania tzw. małych miejskich elektrowni wiatrowych o osi pionowej, które mogą pracować przy stosunkowo małej prędkości powietrza. Lokalizacja elektrowni wiatrowych w obrębie budynków powinna być poprzedzona pomiarami prędkości wiatru. W pracy wykonano pomiary prędkości wiatru w różnych lokalizacjach na terenie Politechniki Białostockiej: na dachu budynku, przy ścianie budynku oraz między budynkami. Pomiary prędkości powietrza wykonano za pomocą zainstalowanych na stałe anemometrów.

EN

This paper presents the variants of wind turbine location based on the measurements of air velocity in different parts of urban development. Wind-power plants are most often associated with non-urbanized areas due to the small rough terrain. In the case of urbanized areas, the possibility of using wind turbines is very limited due to the considerable rough terrain. In the case of built-up areas it is possible to use the so-called urban vertical wind turbines that can operate at relatively low air velocities. The location of the wind power plant within the building should be measured by the wind speed. Wind speed measurements were carried out at various locations in the Białystok Technical University on the roof of the building, on the wall of the building and between buildings. Measurements of air velocity were carried out using permanently installed anemometers.

11

Nasłonecznienie budynków w gęstej zabudowie miejskiej

Mazurek A.

Budownictwo i Prawo

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2018

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R. 21, nr 3

6--9

PL

W artykule przedstawiono regulacje prawne dotyczące nasłonecznienia w polskich aktach prawnych i w przepisach innych krajów europejskich. Zaprezentowano wybrane sposoby określenia nasłonecznienia na podstawie narzędzi komputerowych oraz przykładów rozwiązań architektonicznych zastosowanych w celu spełnienia wymagań prawnych. Analiza nasłonecznienia jest ważną częścią fazy projektowania budynku, która decyduje o kształcie i usytuowaniu inwestycji.

EN

The article presents legal regulations concerning insolation in Polish legal acts and in the regulations of other European countries. Selected ways of determining sun exposure based on computer tools and examples of architectural solutions used to meet legal requirements are presented. The analysis of insolation is an important part of the building design phase, which determines the shape and location of the investment.

12

The problem of urban redevelopment of post-industrial King’s Cross central area in London

Jóźwik R.

Budownictwo i Architektura

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2018

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Vol. 17, nr 1

63--69

EN

The paper presents the strategy of redevelopment of the post-industrial King’s Cross area in London – one of the biggest European investments in the last years (the surface of approx. 67 acres), which could be considered the perfect case study for similar works. The author described in details the investment process, as well as the principles and effects of functional and spatial changes that have led to creation of the new system of open space, adaptation of selected post-industrial buildings for new functions (also the buildings proclaimed as a monument) and also fostering a new urban dimension to the wastelands. Detailed architectural issues are presented on the example of 3 squares: Granary Square, Pancras Square and King’s Cross Square. Field research was realized from 2011 to 2016.

13

Selected air pollutants in urban and rural areas, under the influence of power plants

Cichowicz R., Stelegowski A.

Acta Innovations

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2018

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no. 29

41--52

EN

The operation of large power plants, including power stations, and combined heat and power stations, causes the emission of significant amounts of gaseous pollutants into the environment. As a result, in the urban and agricultural areas occurs a pollution of undesirable gaseous substances, such as nitrogen and sulfur oxides. This is especially dangerous for living organisms, soil and water, because, in combination with water vapor, these pollutants are the cause of acid rain. In addition, nitrogen oxides participate in the formation of ground-level ozone, which affects both human health and the condition of existing vegetation. Therefore, the distribution of air pollutants (NO2, SO2 and O3) in the selected urban and rural areas, under the influence of power plants, located in the Lodz Voivodeship, in Poland, in Central-Eastern Europe, was analyzed for a 10-year period (2007-2016). As a result, it was possible to evaluate the impact of the entry into force of Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2008 “on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe” on the changes in emissions and concentrations of pollutants in selected locations. As a result of the analysis, a significant decrease in the concentration of SO2 (by 75% in the urban area and by 59% in the rural area), and small changes (from - 8% to + 12%) in NO2 and O3 concentrations in ambient air were found. This indicates the effectiveness of actions aimed at reducing SO2 emissions, however the influence of the power plants on the concentration of air pollutants in these areas is not clear. At the same time, considering the criterion of permissible concentration of ozone and nitrogen dioxide, although the air quality did not improve, the air quality index can be considered as being in the category of "good".

14

Evaluation of traffic parameters and undesirable incidents using UAV technology

Cieślar K., Loga W.

Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Technicznej w Katowicach

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2017

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nr 9

83--92

EN

Vehicles reposition analysis is a key feature in a process of forming the traffic behaviors and managing the specific urban area issues. The anti-congestion or anti-incident activities contribute to the improvement of living conditions in modern cities. In cases when preventing the adverse incidents is impossible, it is essential to correctly evaluate the scale of a problem and take the best decisions in terms of the traffic. The purpose of the study is analyzing the possibilities of road safety improvement and refining the process of managing or modeling the traffic and infrastructure by using the UAV’s.

PL

Analiza sposobów przemieszczania się jest istotnym czynnikiem w procesie kształtowania zachowań komunikacyjnych oraz w procesie rozwiązywania problemów funkcjonowania obszarów zurbanizowanych. Działania zapobiegające kongestii czy niepożądanym zdarzeniom, przyczynią się przede wszystkim to polepszenia warunków życia mieszkańców miast. W przypadku, gdy zapobiegnięcie niepożądanej sytuacji jest niemożliwe, niezbędne jest prawidłowe oszacowanie skali problemu oraz podjęcie właściwych decyzji z punktu widzenia zarządzania ruchem. Celem artykułu jest analiza możliwości poprawy bezpieczeństwa ruchu drogowego oraz usprawnienie zarządzania infrastrukturą, poprzez wykorzystanie badań zrealizowanych przy pomocy UAV.

15

Niepewność oceny podatności wód podziemnych na zanieczyszczenia dla obszarów miejskich na przykładzie warszawskiej dzielnicy Bielany

Krogulec E., Trzeciak J.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2017

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Vol. 65, nr 11/1

1090--1095

EN

Groundwater vulnerability assessment is an important environment management tool. In this study assessment of groundwater vulnerability to pollution was conducted by DRASTIC method in urban area, represented by the Bielany - district of Warsaw. The results of this study showed that 70% of the study area has medium or moderately high pollution potential and nearly 30% area has low and very low pollution potential. Two sensitivity tests were performed: the map removal sensitivity analysis and the single-parameter sensitivity analysis. Sensitivity analysis is defined as the evaluation of the effect of changes of input values on the output of the model, therefore, in order to reduce subjectivity of groundwater vulnerability assessment sensitivity analysis was performed for DRASTIC procedure. Both tests highlighted the role of the parameter „depth to water" in groundwater vulnerability assessment.

16

Główne problemy projektowania i wykonywania ścian szczelinowych w centrach miast na przykładzie Trasy W-Z w Łodzi

Tomczak U., Zorzycki M.

Materiały Budowlane

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2017

|

nr 2

12--13

17

Geotechniczna analiza oddziaływania obiektów w przestrzeni podziemnej

Bogusz W., Godlewski T.

Materiały Budowlane

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2017

|

nr 2

20--23

18

Urban and rural consumption pattern – convergence or divergence? Deliberations against sustainable development

Utzig M.

Ekonomia i Środowisko

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2017

|

nr 4

218--227

EN

The aim of this study is to identify rural and urban patterns of consumption expenditure and to evaluate whether convergence occurs between them. The results based on Household Budget Surveys data from the years 2006-2015 prove that the rural consumption pattern is less sustainable compared with the urban one and that they are akin to each other. The value of expenditure on higher needs (restaurants and hotels, leisure and culture) in rural households grows faster than in urban households, which proves some convergence between them.

19

Economic and ecological aspects of rainwater reclamation in cities

Piasecki A., Jurasz J.

Ekonomia i Środowisko

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2017

|

nr 1

171--180

EN

The aim of this paper was to investigate the economic and ecological benefits of rainwater utilization in urban areas. The case of Toruń. Conducted analysis has shown that in case of individual households which roof surface ranges from 100 to 150 m2 there is no economic justification for rainwater reclamation. With the exception of one variant, with the roof surface equal to 150 m2 and annual sum of precipitation significantly higher than the mean observed in Toruń. However, from the perspective of the whole city such projects may lead to significant financial and ecological benefits. It therefore seems essential for municipalities and environmental protection organizations to establish special programs, financially supporting such projects.

20

Konieczne jest kompleksowe zarządzanie miejskimi obszarami

Polko A.

Przegląd Komunalny

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2016

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nr 12

59--61

PL

Zachodzące w miastach przemiany wskazują na konieczność głębszej refleksji nad zagadnieniami związanymi z funkcjonowaniem przestrzeni publicznych. Przede wszystkim należy z większą precyzją opisać przestrzenie publiczne w wymiarze ekonomicznym.