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Quantitative uantitative examination corellation of microscopic exponents of experimetal animals lung distension with weight after hyperbaric exposure single sign

Siermontowski P., Kozłowski W., Pedrycz A.

Polish Hyperbaric Research

2013

nr 3(44)

7--22

Examinations conducted on the lungs of divers who had suffered a pulmonary barotrauma, as well as experimental research into the condition, including the authors’ own studies, both macro- and microscopic, indicated an increased lung parenchyma aeration. Distension was dominant within the obtained image. The objective of the research consisted in the evaluation of lung capacity changes following pulmonary barotrauma using a proven auteur experimental model. The capacity of isolated and fixed lungs was measured with the displacement method. An increase in post-traumatic lung capacity in relation to the control group was expected. However, the lung capacity among experimental groups was lower as compared with the control group. Also the relation between lung capacity and animal weight decreased. It was determined that the reasons for such results may be sought in the connective fibre damage found in alveolar walls, and thus an increased mechanical susceptibility of the lung and its capacity reduction under the influence of hydrostatic pressure.

Badania płuc nurków, którzy przebyli uraz ciśnieniowy płuc, oraz badania doświadczalne, w tym badania własne, zarówno makroskopowe, jak I mikroskopowe wykazywały zwiększenie upowietrznienia miąższu płucnego. W obrazie dominowało rozdęcie. Celem pracy było zbadanie, z użyciem sprawdzonego, autorskiego modelu doświadczalnego, zmian objętości płuc po przebyciu urazu ciśnieniowego. Objętość izolowanych, utrwalonych płuc mierzono metodą wypornościową. Spodziewano się wzrostu objętości płuc po urazie w stosunku do grupy kontrolnej. Zmierzona objętość płuc grup doświadczalnych była jednak mniejsza w stosunku do grupy kontrolnej. Zmniejszał się również stosunek objętości płuc do wagi zwierzęcia. Uznano, iż przyczyną takich wyników może być uszkodzenie przez uraz ciśnieniowy włókien łącznotkankowych w ścianach pęcherzyków, a co za tym idzie większa podatność mechaniczna płuca i zmniejszanie jego objętości pod wpływem ciśnienia hydrostatycznego.

Lung volumes, airflow limitations, and the level of arterial oxygen saturation during sleep in obstructive sleep apnea patients

Brzecka A., Piesiak P., Kosacka M., Jankowska R.

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

2006

Vol. 26, no. 2

39-51

The aim of the study was to find out whether the level of arterial oxygen saturation (Sa02) during sleep in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients can be predicted on the basis of the static or dynamic lung volumes measurements or respiratory resistance measurements performed during wakefulness in the sitting and supine positions. Nineteen OSA patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the high and low Sa02 during sleep apneas (85:3% vs 78:9%). In the patients with the high Sa02 there was a bigger vital capacity (both in the sitting and supine positions), a lower residual volume/ total lung capacity ratio in the supine position and a smaller decrease of the expiratory reserve volume on adopting the supine posture, a higher mid-expiratory-flow, both in the sitting and supine positions, and a higher peak-expiratory-flow in the supine position as compared with patients with the low Sa02 during sleep apneas. The respiratory resistance and forced-expiratory-volume 1sec/vital capacity ratio were similar in both groups. Conclusion: the measurements of the lung volumes and capacities in the both the sitting and supine position allow predicting the level of the arterial oxygen desaturation during the episodes of sleep apnea in the OSA patients. Small-airways disease (that can be detected in the sitting and especially, in the supine position) leads to a more severe arterial oxygen desaturation during sleep in the OSA patients. The respiratory resistance does not influence the arterial oxygen desaturation in the OSA patients.