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A New Locality of Alien Oligochaete Species Branchiura sowerbyi in Upper Oder River in Poland

Cebulska K., Krodkiewska M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2017

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Vol. 65, nr 4

432--438

EN

A new locality of the Asian thermophilic aquatic oligochaete Branchiura sowerbyi Beddard, 1892 (Oligochaeta, Naididae) was recorded in the Upper Oder River. Until now, this species has been only noted in a few localities in Poland: in the Szczecin Lagoon at the mouth of Oder River to Baltic Sea, in the heated Konin lake system (West Poland) and in the middle course of the Oder River. In our study, B. sowerbyi was found on one site (108 km of the river course) that is located more than 400 km from its previous recordings in the Oder River. This finding may show that B. sowerbyi has spread upstream. It should be noted that, as a rule, low abundance of this species may be the reason for the small number of its recordings, so further studies related to distribution and impact of B. sowerbyi on native oligochaetes are needed.

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Predicting current and future invasion of Solidago canadensis; a study from China

Xu Z., Peng H., Feng Z., Abdulsalih N.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2014

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Vol. 62, nr 2

263--271

EN

Solidago canadensis, which is native to North America, is considered to be the most widespread invasive alien plant. The invasion of Solidago canadensis in China has resulted in serious environmental problems. Therefore, understanding the relationship between the geographical distribution of S. canadensis and bioclimatic variables, and then predicting the potential distribution of this species is essential for management actions and practices. Although several studies have delineated the potential distribution of S. canadensis in China, how this species would respond to variations in future climatic conditions remains unclear. In the present study, we predicted the potential distribution of S. canadensis under current and future climatic conditions using species distribution models. We also analyzed range shifting of this species under current and future climatic conditions. We arrived at several conclusions. First, the potential distribution of S. canadensis may expand 40% under future climatic condition compare with that of under current condition. Second, mean diurnal range, isothermality, mean temperature of the wettest quarter, mean temperature of the warmest quarter, precipitation of the driest month, and precipitation seasonality (coefficient of variation) are key bioclimatic variables in determine the potential distribution of S. canadensis. Third, expansion of S. canadensis can be partly attributed to the relatively warmer and wetter future bioclimatic condition than current one.

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Road-side herbaceous vegetation : life history groups and habitat preferences

Sera B.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2010

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Vol. 58, nr 1

69-79

EN

The study examine s the vegetation diversity (235 herbaceous species) in variable road-site types in terms of life history components (life traits) like life form, type of pollination, seed dispersal, spreading ability, life strategy according to Grime's classification, and in terms of habitat preferences using Ellenberg's indicator value (in relation to light, temperature, moisture, nitrogen, soil pH and soil salinity). Plants registered as alien species were evaluated also according to invasive status, level of abundance, introduction mode and land use habitat. Study localities (9 sites) were situated in the Ceskomoravska highlands and the South Bohemian regions (Czech Republic). The plant species were recorded in the bands (width in range of 1.5-3.0 m) along the verge of two types of roads (motorways with median stripes) and secondary roads (II and III classes). In total - road length of about 15 km and the total area of roadside vegetation of about 8 ha were surveyed. The annual/therophyte species with a tendency to seed dispersed by wind, preferring a light and dry habitat, and having the RC (competitiveruderal) life strategy were mainly found along the motorways. It means that road verges along motorways are quite insolated and constitute the dry habitats, probably suitable for ruderal, weedy, non-native, and invasive species. On the contrary, species with a tendency to vegetative reproduction and the C (competitive) strategy occur mainly along the secondary roads. It seems that the secondary roads are alternative habitats for grassland flora. Species occurred on the verges of the secondary roads do not belong to the particular group of the life traits. The salt tolerant species Puccinellia distans (Jacq.) Parl. was found along all types of roads. Almost 24% of all recorded herbaceous species growing in road-sites were alien species.

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Ecological adaptation strategies in alien species: effects of salinity, temperature and photoperiod on Spartina alterniflora Loisel. seed germination

Yuan Z., Shi F.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2009

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Vol. 57, nr 4

677-684

EN

Spartina alterniflora (smooth cordgrass), a perennial grass native to the coastal marshes of eastern America, is widely distributed in northern China since 1979 of its introduction. In the tidal marshlands of north China, S. alterniflora has displaced native species and is presently dominant member of the community owing to its opportunistic characteristics. In this study we investigated S. alterniflora seed germination responses to different temperatures, between 5.25[degrees]C in one thermoperiod (16/26[degrees]C) and in two light treatments - 10/14h (night/day) photoperiod and dark conditions. Variations of seed germination at different storage temperatures and storage duration were also examined. In addition, the effect of different salt concentrations on seed germination was evaluated. The optimal temperature for germination was 25[degrees]C and 16/26[degrees]C (night/day) thermo-period - germination percentage was greater than 90%. Light intensity had no influence on the percent of seed germination and germination indices when seeds were exposed to identical temperatures. At 120 d of storage and -5, 0, and 5[degrees]C temperatures, germination percentage exceeded 75%. The optimal salinity level for seed germination was 150 mM NaCl. Germination percentages were highest (> 90%) when salinity did not exceed 450 mM NaCl. The ability of S. alterniflora seeds to germinate under a wide range of temperature and light conditions resulted in continued seedling development under high salinity.

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Sinanodonta woodiana (Lea, 1834) (Mollusca) - a new mussel species in Poland: occurence and habitat preferences in a heated lake system

Kraszewski A., Zdanowski B.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2007

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Vol. 55, nr 2

337-356

EN

In the mid 1980s the southeast Asian mussel Sinanodonta woodiana (Lea, 1834) was introduced into a lake system that is heated by power plant discharge waters (near Konin in central Poland) along with fish stocking material from Hungary. Currently, this species is abundant in the littoral zones of the five lakes in the system, the initial water cooling reservoir, as well as most of the intake and discharge canals. This species prefers a habitat with a moderate water flow rate (0.05-0.30 m s[^-1]) and a relatively high water temperature (10-30 [degree]C), and it usually forms aggregations. It avoids strong water turbulence and coarse sediments, although it does occur sporadically in the direct vicinity of water intake pumps and water discharge as well as on gravel substrates. The largest aggregation of Sinanodonta woodiana occurred at depths of 1.5-2.5 m. The highest number and biomass of this species was noted in the discharge canal and initial cool.ing reservoir where the water was thee warmest. Population density sometimes exceeded 60 ind m[^-2], while mussel biomass (including the shell) reached as much as 25 kg m[^-2].