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Modeling Radiocesium Contamination of Sunflower Products in the Zaporizhzhia Region

Polevoy Anatolii, Lyashenko Galyna, Zhygailo Olena, Volvach Oksana, Zhygailo Taras, Popovych Iryna, Tolmachova Alla, Kolosovska Valeriya, Kostyukevych Tetyana, Barsukova Olena

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2023

Vol. 24, nr 4

279--287

The accident at the Chornobyl nuclear power plant was one of the most serious nuclear incidents in human history. A radioactive plume covered a whole strip of northeastern Europe. The consequences of this catastrophe are still being felt, both in Ukraine and around the world. The article is devoted to the assessment of the consequences of radiocesium contamination of agricultural lands and irrigated waters during a possible accident at the Zaporizhzhia NPP and the associated Cs137 contamination of sunflower products in the Zaporizhzhia region. The studies were carried out using a dynamic mathematical model for the formation of radionuclide activity in the "water-soil-plant-product" system, ECOSIS-87 (Ecoplant). The article presents the results of studies of possible contamination of the environment by radiocesium according the Chornobyl NPP-86 scenario and sunflower production by the method of mathematical dynamic modeling. The calculations were carried out on the basis of the results of an agrochemical and agroecological survey of the state of soils in Ukraine and the Dnipro cascade of reservoirs. If an explosion occurs at the Zaporizhzhia NPP, the power of which will be equal to the Chornobyl NPP, then 100,000 hectares of agricultural land in the region will be taken out of the agricultural production of the Zaporizhzhia region. On agricultural lands where soil contamination with radiocaesium will be more than 5 Ci/km2, and the concentration in irrigated waters will reach 2 Bq/dm3, sunflower, which was grown for seeds to produce oil will need to be replaced with an industrial crop, which will also lead to loss of seed yield sunflower. Crop losses will lead to a decrease in the volume of sunflower oil. It should also be taken into account that the purification of soil and water does not occur in one year. At least in 5 years the situation will begin to improve.

Analysis of AP1000 radioactive material release accidents with MELCOR Accident Consequence Code System (MACCS)

Niewiński G., Stępień M., Góral K.

Journal of Power Technologies

2017

Vol. 97, nr 5

446--454

The probable introduction in the medium term of nuclear energy into the Polish national power system has become a source of anxiety in society. While Poland already has a research nuclear reactor (acronym: MARIA) at the National Center for Nuclear Research in Świerk, near Warsaw, issues regarding safety and the possible consequences of an accident in the first baseload nuclear power plant have triggered public debate. As part of the licensing process of any newly designed reactor, scenarios for a range of accidents at the plant together with their consequences must be modeled, analyzed and presented in the licensing documentation. In this context a model was built based on a complex set of data - including data provided by the reactor manufacturer, location and environmental data, weather conditions and possible accident scenarios to perform simulations with a computational tool called MELCOR Accident Consequence Code System (MACCS). MACCS is used to perform accident-related calculations, including release of radioactive material to the atmosphere and short and longterm consequences. The analysis involved releases of radioactive material from an AP1000 nuclear reactor assumed to be located on the Polish seacoast and demonstrates that the lethality and incidence of cancer caused by radioactive release are significantly lower than natural.

New technologies for decontamination of radioactive substances scattered by nuclear accident

Nishizaki Y., Miyamae H., Ichikawa S., Izumiya K., Takano T., Kumagai N., Hashimoto K.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

2013

Vol. 58, iss. 1

283-290

Our effort for decontamination of radioactive cesium scattered widely by nuclear accident in March 2011 in Fukushima, Japan has been described. Radioactive cesium scattered widely in Japan has been accumulating in arc or plasma molten-solidified ash in waste incinerating facilities up to 90,000 Bq/kg of the radioactive waste. Water rinsing of the ash resulted in dissolution of cesium ions together with high concentrations of potassium and sodium ions. Although potassium inhibits the adsorption of cesium on zeolite, we succeeded to precipitate cesium by in-situ formation of ferric ferrocyanide and iron rust in the radioactive filtrate after rinsing of the radioactive ash with water. Because the regulation of no preservation of any kind of cyanide substances, cesium was separated from the precipitate consisting of cesium-captured ferric ferrocyanide and ferric hydroxide in diluted NaOH solution and subsequent filtration gave rise to the potassium-free radioactive filtrate. Cesium was captured by zeolite from the potassium-free radioactive filtrate. The amount of this final radioactive waste of zeolite was significantly lower than that of the arc-molten-solidified ash.

Opisano wysiłki podjęte po awarii nuklearnej w marcu 2011 w Fukushimie, Japonia. Radioaktywny cez rozproszony na znacznym obszarze Japonii jest akumulowany do poziomu 90,000 Bq/kg w spalarniach śmieci w procesie stapiania w łuku plazmy radioaktywnych śmieci. Przemywanie wodą popiołów powoduje wymywanie radioaktywnego cezu wraz ze znacznymi ilościami potasu i sodu. Ponieważ potas inhibituje adsorpcję cezu na zeolitach, udało się stracić cez w postaci kompleksu z żelazo żelazicyjankiem oraz tlenków żelaza w przesączu po przemywaniu radioaktywnego popiołu. Ustawodawstwo zakazuje przechowywania jakiejkolwiek substancji zawierającej grupę cyjanową, dlatego otrzymany osad rozpuszczono stosując rozcieńczony NaOH. Ponowna filtracja doprowadziła do uzyskania radioaktywnego przesączu nie zawierającego jonów potasu. Następnie radioaktywny cez został zaadsorbowany na zeolitach. Końcowa ilość radioaktywnych zeolitów była znacząco mniejsza od popiołów.