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3D scanning inspection of the composite structures

Bondyra A., Pastuszak P.

Journal of KONES

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2014

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Vol. 21, No. 1

31--36

EN

Wide range of different visual measurement techniques, which are used nowadays, shows the need of the development of geometry description possibilities. New applications of advanced materials require measurement methods, which can be used in the areas of reverse engineering, FEA modelling validation, rapid prototyping and analysis of structure deformations. Light and laser-based techniques such as photogrammetry, laser triangulation, Moire and optical coherence tomography allow for analysing geometry of the specimens. Widely used optical methods take into account the global and local coordinate translation, sensitivity, resolution, and measurement uncertainty. They are used in the respect to research trends such as direct shape measurement from surfaces, system calibration and optimization methods. In this paper, composite specimens’ geometries with artificial delamination inside and structures without delamination are analysed. Rectangular, curved and cylindrical shapes are investigated by 3D scanning technique. The measured composite structures are manufactured with autoclave and vacuum bag methods. Results presented in this paper, shows geometries different between composites manufactured by using these methods. Inspection process was executed in two steps. First, virtual models of the composite specimens are used to determine main geometry dimensions. Second, their curvatures and GD&T are determined. Additional, the thickness change connected with delamination is revealed. Used method gives an opportunity of observing specimens curving radius and manufacturing defects. Presented results shows that use of additional aluminum plate in vacuum bag method allowed to get specimens with high level of flatness and parallelism in the case of rectangular structures and cylindricity in case of the curved shells. Presented methodology of the inspection is simply, give multidimensional results and its application are not limited to laboratory conditions.

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Recent Progress in Full Scale Fatigue Test of PZL-130 "Orlik" TC-II Structure

Reymer P., Leski A., Dragan K.

Fatigue of Aircraft Structures

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2012

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Iss. 4

76--81

EN

This article presents preparation of the Full Scale Fatigue Test of the PZL-130 "Orlik" TC-II. After completing the flight load acquisition stage [1] a load block representing 200 Simulated Flight Hours in 194 flights was developed. This load block was further modified in order to introduce fatigue markers on the crack surface [2] visible during Quantitative Fractography, planned to take place during the Teardown Inspection of the structure after completion of the test. Meanwhile, the test rig along with the loading system and the test specimen were prepared at Výzkumný a Zkušební Letecký Ústav (VZLU, Prague, Czech Republic). The test specimen, consisting of the overhauled fuselage, modernized wings and the landing gear, was instrumented with the identical strain gauge measuring system as presented in [3], which was calibrated before the commencement of fatigue testing. Finally, some preliminary issues encountered during the fatigue test startup were highlighted and the outline for future work was described.

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New method for diagnosing cast compactness based on laser ultrasonography

Swornowski P.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2010

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Vol. 10, iss. 1 spec.

261--264

EN

Technologically advanced materials, such as alloys of aluminum, nickel or titanium are currently used increasingly often in significantly loaded components utilized in the aviation industry, among others in the construction of jet turbine engine blades. The article presents a method for diagnosing the condition of the inside of cast blades with the use of laser ultrasonography. The inspection is based on finding hidden flaws with a size of between 10 and 30μm. Laser ultrasonography offers a number of improvements over the non-destructive methods used so far, e.g. the possibility to diagnose the cast on a selected depth, high signal-to-noise ratio and good sensitivity. The article includes a brief overview of non-destructive inspection methods used in foundry engineering and sample results of inspecting the inner structure of a turbo jet engine blade using the method described in the article.