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Possibilities of improving a rail vehicle running safety with independently rotating wheels

Mikhailov Evgeny, Semenov Stanislav, Shvornikova Hanna, Dižo Ján, Blatnický Miroslav, Droździel Paweł, Kravchenko Kateryna

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

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2022

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z. 115

93--106

EN

This work is focused on the possible ways of improving the running safety of a railway vehicle, which uses IRWs (independently rotating wheels) in a bogie. It discusses the main positive and negative properties of an application of IRWs for a railway vehicle while it is running in a curve. There are evaluated running properties of a railway vehicle in terms of safety for IRWs and a standard wheelset (SW). It is assumed that a wheelset design with IRWs will reduce the risk of derailment of a railway vehicle in a curve with a smaller radius because it will be reached a more favourable distribution of decisive forces in the wheel/rail contact. A designed wheelset with IRWs differs from other IRWs designs; in this case, only a flange can rotate independently from a wheel treat surface about the axis of rotation. Further, this research presents an analysis of a friction forces distribution of the friction forces in a contact of a flange and a rail head and a comparison with an SW. The obtained results allow concluding that it is advisable to use the wheels with the perspective wheel design (including independently rotating) to reduce the resistance to movement and improve the running properties of a railway vehicle for safety.

2

Adaptation of rail passenger car suspension parameters to independently rotating wheels

Vaičiūnas Gediminas, Steišūnas Stasys, Bureika Gintautas

Transport Problems

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2022

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T. 17, z. 1

215--226

EN

This study aimed to adjust the rail passenger car running gear parameters by adapting them to independently rotating wheels. The most important aspect was the safety of the passenger car running in terms of derailment; thus, the values of the Nadal criterion were calculated first. Another aspect to consider is passenger comfort based on the values of Sperling’s comfort index according to the rail passenger car speed. The modes of suspension behaviour during operation were considered in two typical conditions: on a straight track section and on a curve with a 200-m radius. Calculations were performed using Universal Mechanism software. The results are interpreted in the paper, and the final conclusions of this study are given.

3

Modeling and simulation of a control system of wheels of wheelset

Chudzikiewicz Andrzej, Gerlici Juraj, Sowińska Magdalena, Stelmach Anna, Wawrzyński Wojciech

Archives of Transport

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2020

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Vol. 55, iss. 3

73--83

EN

Modern light rail vehicles, such as a tram or rail bus, due to the need to provide mobility for the elderly or disabled people and the requirements of operators operating passenger rail transport or transport in urban areas must have a 100% low floor. Structurally, this is associated with the use of wheelset with independently rotating wheels (IRW) in such vehicles. It is also possible to use a bogie structure without the use of a wheelset axle by mounting the wheels directly in the side parts of the bogie frame. This construction is more complex and will not be discussed in this article. Bearing in mind the dynamic behavior of such vehicles during operation (lateral stability, profile wear) in various driving conditions (curve traffic, crossovers) and taking into account operating costs, it becomes necessary to install wheel rotation control systems to maintain center movement mass of the wheelset around the centerline of the track. The subject of the article will be considerations on modeling and simulation of rail vehicle bogie motion with IRW sets including the wheel control system. Nominal and mathematical models of the analyzed vehicle will be presented, as well as a controlled strategy based on the comparison of the angular velocities of the wheels of the wheelset A review of works on solutions of such systems will be presented, and a control concept will be proposed. The summary contains conclusions regarding the possibility of practical use of the proposed method of steering wheels of a wheelset in the case of independently rotating wheels.

4

Symulacyjne badanie zużycia profili niezależnie obracających się kół z wykorzystaniem różnych modeli wózków tramwajowych

Opala M.

Prace Naukowe Politechniki Warszawskiej. Transport

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2016

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z. 112

313--322

PL

W artykule przedstawiono porównanie wartości zużycia profili kół na podstawie wyników symulacji oddziaływań kontaktowych pomiędzy torem a układem jezdnym wózka tocznego z niezależnie toczącymi się kołami. Przeprowadzono badania porównawcze wybranych modeli wózków różniących się typem prowadzenia kół; wykorzystano prowadzenie przy pomocy osi pomostowej, prowadzenie wahaczowe, prowadzenie kolumnowe. Uzupełnieniem porównania jest konwencjonalny układ wózka posiadającego zestawy kołowe o sztywnej osi sprzęgającej kinematycznie oba koła. Modele wózków badano osobno oraz łącznie z modelem całego tramwaju wieloczłonowego. W symulacji wykorzystano nieliniowy model matematyczny dynamiki kół współpracujących z szynami, zarysy kół i szyn przyjęto na podstawie pomiarów.

EN

The article presents a comparison of wear magnitude of the wheel profiles, as a result of interaction between the track and the running gear of the bogies equipped with independent rolling wheels. Comparative simulation of selected models of bogies was carried out, the bogies differ in guiding system of the wheels; used such systems as axlebridge, column and swingarm guidance. Comparison is complemented by the conventional reference model of bogie having wheelsets with rigid axle coupling both wheels. Models were examined separately and in conjunction with a model of the entire tram. The simulation uses a nonlinear mathematical model of the dynamics of wheels and rails interaction, the wheel and rail profiles were adopted on the basis of measurements.

5

Study of the derailment safety index Y/Q of the low-floor tram bogies with different types of guidance of independently rotating wheels

Opala M.

Archives of Transport

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2016

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Vol. 38, iss. 2

39--47

EN

Modern tram designs use different conceptions of how to implement the low-floor functionality. The key construction part is the bogie running gear which has to accommodate the lower part of the tram body. To adjust the low-floor level, many low-floor tram bogies have different types of guidance of independently rotating wheels with no central axle between the two wheels. Lack of self-steering mechanism in the form of central axle coupling or an external guiding device creates several inherent problems, such as insufficient guiding and excessive wear. Another important context is the safety against derailment when the vehicle negotiates a curved track. In this study the dynamic behaviour of non-powered bogies with different types of guidance of independently rotating wheels are presented using computer simulation models. The simulation results of the Y/Q index are compared for the two track configurations (curved and tangent sections) and four different kinds of bogie running gear.

6

Modelowanie ruchu zestawu kołowego z niezależnie obracającymi się kołami z uwzględnieniem układu sterowania kołami

Chudzikiewicz A., Sowińska M., Krzyżyński T., Maciejewski I.

Logistyka

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2015

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nr 4

132--139

PL

Wprowadzenie zestawów kołowych z osią łamaną (nazywaną też portalową) w niekonwencjonalnym wózku typu IRW (Independently Rotating Wheels) umożliwiło zmianę konstrukcji tramwaju na bardziej komfortową dla pasażera równocześnie powodując ciąg problemów związanych z dynamicznym zachowaniem się takiego rozwiązania. W pewnych sytuacjach wózek typu IRW wykazuje gorsze cechy kinematyczne i dynamiczne niż rozwiązanie klasyczne ze sztywną osią nakładającą więzy na prędkość toczenia się koła lewego i prawego w zestawie kołowym. Zastosowanie układu sterującego w wózkach napędnych umożliwia przekazanie momentu korygującego ruch, który ma na celu poprawę zachowanie się wózka podczas manewrów niekorzystnych dla dynamiki układu, np. jazdy po łuku. W artykule zostanie przedstawiony proces modelowania dynamiki wózka z niezależnie obracającymi się kołami wspomaganymi układem sterowania.

EN

Wheelsets with a cranked axle, which are introduced in the unconventional type of bogies with IRW (Independently Rotating Wheels), allowed to redesign the tram construction to more comfortable for the passenger. Simultaneously, such a solution is causing a series of problems related to the dynamic behavior of the vehicle. In certain situations the bogie with IRW exhibits worse kinematic and dynamic characteristics than the classical bogie solution with a rigid axle, which is imposing constraints on the angular speed of the left and right wheel in the wheelset. The application of the steering system in the traction bogies enables the transmission of the steering torque, which purpose is to improve the behavior of the bogie during maneuvers disadvantageous for the dynamics of the system, e.g. riding on a curve. The article discusses the issues concerning the unconventional bogies modelling and selection of their control strategies.