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Heavy Metal Emissions from Linear Sources and Polluted Soil in The Capital City of Poland

Dmochowska Anna, Majder-Lopatka Malgorzata, Salamonowicz Zdzislaw, Piechota-Polanczyk Aleksandra, Polanczyk Andrzej

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

2021

Tom 23

94--105

Human activities such as transport contribute to the environmental degradation. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the level of contamination of soils, from different districts of big cities of central Europe, with heavy metals: zinc, lead, and nickel. The samples were taken from the top, sodded soil layer. Each single sample weigh was about 1 kg taken from 1 m2 measuring station. Soil samples were dried at room temperature. The airborne dry soil was thoroughly mixed and sieved through a 1 mm nylon sieve. The study included analysis of which type of metals is washed out under the influence of abiotic factors (bioavailable forms) and demonstrating how spatial development affects the accumulation of selected heavy metals in the soil. The results indicated that heavy metals emitted to the ground layer of the atmosphere accumulate in the immediate vicinity of communication routes. Moreover, based on the analysis of interrelationships of zinc, lead, and nickel concentrations, it has been shown that there is a common source of their emission to soil. Furthermore, the thesis that the concentration of metals was dependent on the soil reaction was not confirmed.

Influence of increasing nickel content in soil on Miscanthus × giganteus Greef and Deu. Yielding and on the content of nickel in above-ground biomass

Bosiacki M.

Archives of Environmental Protection

2015

Vol. 41, no. 1

72--79

The aim of the research conducted in a 2-year pot experiment in an unheated plastic tunnel was to determine suitability of Miscanthus × giganteus for phytoextraction of nickel from soil as well as to assess tolerance of this species on increasing concentrations of this metal in soil. Pots were filled with mineral soil (sand) and a mixture of soil with high-moor peat and three levels of nickel were introduced, i.e. 75 mg dm-3, 150 mg dm-3 and 600 mg dm-3 and the control combinations used substrates without the addition of nickel. Nickel was introduced only in the first year of the experiment in the form of nickel sulfate (NiSO4 · 6H2O). Miscanthus × giganteus accumulated a considerable amount of nickel in biomass. Miscanthus × giganteus growing in contaminated mineral soil turned out to be a species tolerant to high nickel concentrations.

Celem badań prowadzonych w dwuletnim doświadczeniu wazonowym w nieogrzewanym tunelu foliowym, było określenie przydatności Miscanthus × giganteus do fitoekstrakcji niklu z gleb, jak również ocena tolerancji tego gatunku na wzrastające stężenia tego metalu w glebie. Wazony wypełniono glebą mineralną (piasek słabo gliniasty) oraz mieszaniną gleby z torfem wysokim i wprowadzono do nich trzy poziomy zawartości niklu: 75 mg·dm-3 , 150 mg·dm-3 oraz 600 mg·dm-3 a jako warianty kontrolne zastosowano podłoża bez jego dodatku. Nikiel został wprowadzony tylko w pierwszym roku badań, w postaci siarczanu niklu (NiSO4·6H2O). Miscanthus × giganteus kumuluje znaczącą ilość niklu w biomasie. Miscanthus × giganteus rosnący w zanieczyszczonej glebie mineralnej okazał się gatunkiem tolerancyjnym na wysokie stężenia niklu.