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1

Selective transport of copper(II) ions across polymer inclusion membrane with aromatic β–diketones as carriers

Radzymińska-Lenarcik E., Witt K., Bożejewicz D.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2018

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Vol. 54, iss. 3

741--750

EN

The transport of Cu(II) ions from an equimolar mixture of Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II) ions as well as from solutions containing only Cu(II) ions in the feed phase through polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) with aromatic β–diketones as carriers has been investigated. The polymer membranes consisted of polyvinylchloride (PVC) as the support, bis(2-ethylhexyl)adipate (ADO) as plasticizer, and aromatic β–diketones (benzoylacetone (1) and dibenzoylmethane (2)) as ion carriers. The transport selectivity of PIMs with 1 and 2 was: Cu(II) > Co(II) > Ni(II). The highest recovery factors of Cu(II) ions were observed for 1 (94.0%), whereas for Co(II) and Ni(II) the factors were 21.4 and 7.3%, respectively. The Cu(II)/Co(II) and Cu(II)/Ni(II) selectivity coefficients were equal to 8.9 and 33.7 (for 1), 6.4 and 28.3 (for 2), respectively.

2

Separation of palladium(II) from mixtures of non-ferrous metal ions by solvent extraction

Radzyminska-Lenarcik E., Witt K.

Challenges of Modern Technology

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2016

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Vol. 7, no. 1

17-22

EN

The possibility of Pd(II) ions separation from mixtures of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Pd(II) ions by solvent extraction was studied, using 1-hexyl-2methylimidazole in chloroform as the extractant. The initial concentration of each ion was 10 mM. The tests were carried out at a temperature of 25°C, at a constant strength of the aqueous solution of I = 0.5, as maintained by the KCl solution. It was demonstrated that differences in the stability and structure of their coordination sphere as well as solubility of complexes with the extractant could be used for separating the Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Pd(II) ions by solvent extraction. Pd(II), which forms flat-square complexes in the solutions, passes easily into the organic phase and is easier separated from the mixture of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) ions, which form octahedral or tetrahedral complexes. Extraction percentages were calculated. For the respective metals, their values increase for increasing concentrations of the extractant in the aqueous phase. The extraction percentage decreases in the following order: Pd(II) > Cu(II) > Co(II) > Ni(II). In the case of the quaternary mixture, the highest extraction percentage for Pd(II) (70%) was obtained at a pH=7.33. Separation coefficients were also calculated. The highest separation coefficients were obtained for the system: Pd(II)/Ni(II), Pd(II)/Co(II); at a pH of 5.4 for an aqueous solution, their values are 13.3 and 7.7, respectively.

3

Wydzielanie cynku(II) z roztworów odpadowych powstających w przemyśle metalurgicznym

Gajda B., Skrzypczak A., Bogacki M. B.

Rudy i Metale Nieżelazne Recykling

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2015

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R. 60, nr 1

23--29

PL

Celem pracy było zbadanie możliwości selektywnego wydzielenia jonów cynku(II) z polimetalicznych odpadowych roztworów chlorkowych zawierających kationy takich metali, jak: niklu(II), kobaltu(II), kadmu(II) z zastosowaniem polimerowych membran inkluzyjnych. Jako przenośnik jonów w membranie zaproponowany został 1-decyloimidazol. Uzyskane wyniki pozwoliły zauważyć znaczący wpływ stężenia anionów chlorkowych na proces separacji jonów metali. Stwierdzono również, że jony cynku(II) najefektywniej wydzielić można z roztworu o stężeniu 1M anionów chlorkowych. Z roztworu takiego odzyskuje się ok. 88-90 % Zn(II). Zdolność do wydzielenia pozostałych jonów kształtuje się w szeregu: Cd(II) ≥ Co(II) > Ni(II).

EN

The aim of the work was investigation of possibility of selective releasing of zinc(II) ions from polymetalic discarded chloride solutions containing metal cations like: nickel(II), cobalt(II) and cadmium(II) by applying polymer inclusion membranes. As a carrier of metal ions in membrane, the 1-decylimidazole was used. Based on obtained results, significant influence of chloride anions on separation process was observed. It was found that zinc(II) ions were transported fastest from solution containing 1M of chloride anions. In this case, it was possible to release about 88-90 % of Zn(II). The membrane ability to releasing rest of ions change in series: Cd(II) ≥ Co(II) > Ni(II).

4

The use of the steric effect of the carrier molecule in the polymer inclusion membranes for the separation of cobalt(II), nickel(II), copper(II), and zinc(II) ions

Radzyminska-Lenarcik E., Ulewicz M.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2015

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Vol. 17, nr 2

51--56

EN

In this study, palladium-modified nickel foam substrate was applied to examine ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) in 0.1 The transport of cobalt(II), nickel(II), copper(II), and zinc(II) ions from chloride solutions across polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs), which 1-heptylimidazole (1̲) or 1-heptyl-2-methylimidazole (2̲) or 1-heptyl-4-methylimidazole (3̲) as the ion carrier was reported. The steric effect for carriers 2̲&enspand 3̲&enspdecreases the transport of all ions except Cu(II). The initial fluxes of metal ions transport across PIMs with the 1̲- 2̲&enspdecrease in the sequence: Cu(II) > Zn(II) > Co(II) > Ni(II), whereas for 3 they were Cu(II) > Zn(II) > Ni(II) > Co(II). The highest recovery values were obtained for Cu(II), this being 99 and 85% for carrier 1̲&enspand 2̲, respectively. In both membranes the degree of deposition of the Zn(II) ions was comparable. Zn(II), Co(II) and Cd(II) ions, which form complexes with coordination numbers 4 and 6, are more easily recovered with the use of carriers 2̲&enspand 3̲. Ni(II) ions, which form complexes with coordination number 6 only, practically remain in the feeding phase. PIMs with alkylimidazoles were characterized by non-contact atomic force microscopy.

5

Nickel-cobalt separation by solvent extraction method

Radzyminska-Lenarcik E., Wasilewska A.

Challenges of Modern Technology

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2015

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Vol. 6, no. 3

20--23

EN

Separation of cobalt(II), and nickel(II) ions from nitrate solutions using liquid-liqiud extraction process was reported. The measurements were run at 25oC and at fixed ionic strength equal to 0.5 (KNO3,HNO3). Initial concentrations of Co(II) and Ni(II) nitric acid in the aqueous phase were constant (0.01 M and 0.15 M, respectively). Both 1-hexylimidazole (1), and 1-hexyl-2-methylimidazole (2), both in dichloromethane were used as extractants. Their concentrations in organic phase were varied from 0.01 to 0.25 M. Cobalt(II) in an aqueous solution forms both tetrahedral and octahedral complexes. Nickel(II) forms only a six-coordinate complexes. These general differences help to provide the basis for the various separation processes currently used for cobalt-nickel separation. The steric effect for extractant 2 facilitates the extraction of tetrahedral Co(II) complexes. Extraction percent (%E) of cobalt(II) and nickel(II) in the systems studied were calculated. The percentage extraction increases for increasing values of pH of aqueous phase and is the highest for pH = 7.2. In the aqueous phase, of which the pH = 7.2, there remain 75%Ni(II) and 40% Co(II) for extractant 1 and the respective values for extractant 2 are 85% Ni(II) and 20% Co(II). The steric effect increases selectivity coefficients Co(II)/Ni(II). The highest selectivity coefficients for both extractants were obtained at a pH of aqueous phase = 6.2; their values were 5 and 8.9 for extractants 1 and 2, respectively.

6

Separation Of Cadmium(II), Cobalt(II) And Nickel(II) By Transport Through Polymer Inclusion Membranes With Phosphonium Ionic Liquid As Ion Carrier

Pospiech B.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2015

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Vol. 60, iss. 4

2933--2938

EN

This paper presents study on the facilitated transport of cadmium(II), cobalt(II) and nickel(II) ions from aqueous chloride solutions through polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) with phosphonium ionic liquid. Cyphos IL 101 (trihexyl(tetradecyl) phosphonium chloride) was used as a selective carrier for synthesis of cellulose triacetate membranes containing o-nitrophenyl pentyl ether (ONPPE) as a plasticizer. Effect of different parameters such as hydrochloric acid concentration in the source phase as well as ion carrier concentration in the polymer membrane on metal ions transport has been investigated. Cd(II) was transported preferably from hydrochloric acid solutions containing Co(II) and Ni(II) through PIM containing 18.8 wt.% CTA and 26.0 wt.% Cyphos 101 and 55.1 wt.% ONPPE into 0.5 M HNO3 as the receiving phase. The obtained results suggest that there is a possibility of application of this membrane with Cyphos IL 101 as ion carrier for separation of Cd(II) over Co(II) and Ni(II) from hydrochloric acid solutions.

PL

Przeprowadzono badania transportu jonów Cd(II), Ni(II) i Co(II) z wodnych roztworów kwasu solnego przez polimerowe membrany inkluzyjne (PIMs) zawierające fosfoniową ciecz jonową – Cyphos IL 101 (chlorek triheksylo(tetradecylo) fosfoniowy) w roli selektywnego przenośnika jonowego. Rolę polimerowej matrycy w membranie pełnił trioctan celulozy (CTA). Jako plastyfikatora użyto eteru nitrofenylopentylowego (ONPPE). W wyniku badań określono wpływ różnych czynników, takich jak stężenie kwasu solnego w fazie zasilającej, jak również stężenie przenośnika w polimerowej membranie na selektywność i efektywność transportu badanych jonów metali. Jony kadmu(II) były selektywnie transportowane z roztworów kwasu solnego zawierającego jony niklu(II) i kobaltu(II) do 0,5 M roztworu kwasu azotowego(V). Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, że istnieje możliwość zastosowania procesów transportu przez polimerowe membrany inkluzyjne z cieczą jonową w roli selektywnego przenośnika do rozdzielania jonów Cd(II) od Ni(II) i Co(II) z roztworów kwasu solnego.

7

The use of 1-alkylimidzoles for selective separation of zinc ions in the transport process across a polymeric inclusion membrane

Radzyminska-Lenarcik E., Ulewicz M.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2014

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Vol. 50, iss. 1

131--142

EN

The transport of Zn(II) ions from different aqueous nitrate(V) source feeding phases (cMe = 0.001 mol/dm3, pH 6.0) across polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) doped with 1-alkylimidazole as an ion carrier was reported. Alkyl substituents in position 1 of imidazole ring have an effect on hydrophobic properties of the carriers and the initial flux of the transported metal ions. The membranes were characterized by an atomic force microscopy (AFM). The results show that the Zn(II) ions could effectively be separated from other transition metal cations such as Co(II) and Ni(II) from different equimolar ion mixtures. Also, the thermal stability of PIM doped with 1-decylimidazole was studied in replicate experiments. The highest separation coefficients for the Zn(II)/Co(II) and Zn(II)/Ni(II) systems, equal to 9.4 and 11.9 were recorded for the equimolar Zn(II)-Co(II)-Ni(II) mixture for 1-hexylimidazole as a carrier, while using 1-decylimidazole resulted in the highest values of initial flux of the Zn(II) ions transport across the polymeric membrane.

8

Application of supported and polymer membrane with 1 decyl-2-methylimidazole for separation of transition metal ions

Ulewicz M., Radzyminska-Lenarcik E.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2012

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Vol. 48, iss. 1

91-102

EN

The facilitated transport of Cu(II), Zn(II), Co(II), and Ni(II) ions from different aqueous nitrate source phases (cMe = 0.001M, pH 6.0) across polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) consisting of cellulose triacetate (support) and 2-nitrophenylpentyl ether (plasticizer) doped with 1-decyl-2-methylimidazol as ion carrier was reported. The membrane is characterised by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and thermal analysis (DTA and TG) techniques. The results show that Cu2+ can be separated very effectively from other transition metal cations as Zn2+, Co2+, and Ni2+ from different equimolar mixtures of these ions. The recovery factor of Cu2+ ions during transport across PIM from different mixture is equal to 92-95.1%. The comparative transport of Cu(II), Zn(II), Co(II), and Ni(II) ions from aqueous nitrate source phase across supported (SLMs) containing 1-decyl-2-methylimidazol as ion carrier was reported.

9

Transport of metal ions across polymer inclusion membrane with 1-alkylimidazole

Ulewicz M., Radzymińska-Lenarcik E.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2011

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Vol. 46

119-130

EN

The facilitated transport of copper(II), zinc(II), cobalt(II), and nickel(II) ions across polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs), which consist of cellulose triacetate as polymeric support, o-nitrophenyl pentyl ether as plasticizer and 1-alkylimidazole as ion carrier was reported. PIM was characterized by using atomic force microscopy (AFM) technique. The results show that Cu2+ can be separated very effectively from others heavy and transition metal cations as Zn2+, Co2+, and Ni2+ (at concentration of 10-3 M each). Alkyl substituents in position 1 of imidazole ring have an effect on hydrophobic properties and the initial flux of the transported metal ions. Also, the influence of the chloride ions concentration on the separation process was investigated. To explain the mechanism of membrane transport the diffusion of metal ions complexes with 1-alkylimidazole was also measured.

PL

Zbadano selektywność transportu jonów Cu(II), Zn(II), Co(II) i Ni(II) (cMe=0,001M, każdy) przez polimerowe membrany inkluzyjne składające się z trójoctanu celulozy (suportu), eteru o-nitrofenylooktylu (plastyfikatora) i przenośnika jonów (1 alkiloimidazole). Polimerowa membrana została scharakteryzowana przy pomocy mikroskopii sił atomowych (AFM). Wykazano, że podstawnik alkilowy w pozycji 1 pierścienia imidazolu zmieniając własności hydrofobowe przenośnika wpływa na strumień początkowy transportu jonów metali. Wartości strumienia początkowego transportu jonów przy użyciu przenośnika 1 i 2 maleją w szeregu: Cu(II) > Zn(II) > Co(II) > Ni(II), natomiast dla 3 - 5 w szeregu: Cu(II) > Zn(II) > Ni(II), Co(II). Strumień transportu Cu(II) wzrasta w szeregu użytych przenośników: 1 < 2 < 3 < 4 ɝ, osiągając najwyższą wartość 6,36 µµmol/m2 · s (dla 5). Na selektywność transportu wpływ również stężenie jonów chlorkowych w fazie zasilającej. Czynnikiem limitującym szybkości transportu Cu2+ przez PIM jest współczynnik dyfuzji kompleksu przenoszonego kationu przez membranę.

10

Separation of cobalt(II), nickel(II), zinc(II) and cadmium(II) ions from chloride solution

Gajda B., Skrzypczak A., Bogacki M. B.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2011

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Vol. 46

289-294

EN

Selective distribution of cobalt(II), nickel(II), zinc(II) and cadmium(II) ions from chloride solutions through polymer inclusion membranes (PIM) has been studied. The carrier was 1-decylimidazole. The effect of chloride ion concentration on the ion permeation was analysed. The results suggest that some of metal ions change for the worse selectivity of separation process. Especially zinc(II) and cadmium(II) ions decreased five-fold selectivity of ion separation process.

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań selektywnego rozdziału jonów kobaltu(II), niklu(II), cynku(II) i kadmu(II) z roztworów chlorkowych w procesie selektywnego ich rozdziału w procesie membranowym przez polimerowe membrany inkluzyjne (PIM). Jako przenośnik zastosowano 1-decyloimidazol. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, że obecność jonów niektórych metali pogarszać może selektywność rozdziału. Szczególne znaczenie mają tutaj jony cynku(II) oraz kadmu(II), które prawie 5-krotnie pogarszają selektywność rozdziału jonów niklu(II) od kobaltu(II).

11

Metallo-Supramolecular Assemblies Incorporating 1,3- and 1,4-Aryl Linked Bis-beta-Diketones - Some Recent Studies

Clegg J. K., Jolliffe K. A., Lindoy L. F., Meehan G. V.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

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2008

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Vol. 82, nr 6

1131-1144

EN

A review of recent work in the authors laboratories in volving the interaction of 1,3- and 1,4-aryl linked bis-beta-diketone derivatives with divalent and trivalent metal ions is presented. In some in stances, bifunctional bridging ligands have been employed to extend the resulting structures from two to three dimensions. Examples of metallosupra molecular dinuclear 'platforms', tetranuclear cofacial dimers, dinuclear helicates, trinuclear triangles, stepped metallo-polymers, a prismatic columnar polymer and large cavity-containing, tetranuclear tetrahedra are all discussed.

12

Selective removal of Cu(II), Co(II), Zn(II), and Ni(II) with ionizable dibenzo-16-crown-5 and dibenzo-19-crown-6 lariat ethers as ion carriers in polymer inclusion membrane transport

Kozłowski C. A., Walkowiak W.

Ars Separatoria Acta

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2007

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No. 5

19-26

EN

A selective removal of transition metal cations, i.e. Cu(II), Co(II), Zn(II), and Ni(II), with ionizable dibenzo-16-crown-5 and dibenzo-19-crown-6 lariat ethers as ionic carriers in transport across polymer inclusion membrane has been presented. The competitive transport from aqueous nitrate solutions containing metal ions at concentrations of 0.0010 M at pH 4.0 and 7.0 through the cellulose triacetate membrane with 0.5 M lariat ether 1 and 2 (based on a plasticizer) as the ion carrier and o-nitrophenyl pentyl ether (ONPPE) as the plasticizer into 0.5 M hydrochloric solution was performed. For pH = 4.0 and 7.0 of source aqueous phases the selectivity orders were as follows: Cu(II) > Co(II) > Zn(II) > Ni(II), and Cu(II) > Zn(II), Ni(II), Co(II), respectively. The semi-empirical equation was used for calculations of enthalpy formation for complexes of lariat ethers studied with transition metal cations. The two possibilities of metal cation-lariat ether coordination were assumed, i.e. via the crown ether cavity or ionizable carboxylic group. We found that for the both lariat ethers studied at pH 4.0 of source phase the transport rate linearly decreases with the enthalpy of formation increase. This correlation confirms that the observed behavior is connected with the stability of complexes formed by interaction of the lariat ether ring and the transition metal cations studied.

13

Nickel(II) Dithiocarbamates with AsI3 and SbI3 as Mixed Ligands

Pastorek R., Kameníček J., Trávníček Z., Pavlíček M., Cvek B., Husárek J., Šindelář Z.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

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2005

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Vol. 79 / nr 4

637-644

EN

Ni(II) dithiocarbamates with AsI3 or SbI3 as ligands of the composition [Ni(hmidtc)2(AsI3)] (1), [Ni(bzbutdtc)2(AsI3)] (2), [Ni(bzbutdtc)2(SbI3)]_2CHCl3 (3), [Ni(bz2dtc)2(AsI3)] (4), [Ni(bz2dtc)2(SbI3)]_CS2 (5), [Ni(hmidtc)2(AsI3)2]_CHCl3 (6), [Ni(hmidtc)2(SbI3)2] (7) and [Ni(cetdtc)2(AsI3)2] (8), (hmidtc = hexamethyleneiminedithiocarbamate, bzbutdtc = benzylbutyldithiocarbamate, bz2dtc = dibenzyldithiocarbamate, cetdtc = cyclohexylethyldithiocarbamate, dtc = S2CN-) have been synthesized. The complexes have been characterized by elemental analyses, thermal analysis, IR and UV/VIS spectroscopies, magnetochemical and conductivity measurements as square-pyramidal (1-5) and octahedral (6-8) complexes. X-ray analysis of [Ni(bz2dtc)2(AsI3)] and [Ni(bz2dtc)2(SbI3)]_CS2 confirmed square-pyramidal arrangement around nickel in both complexes with the NiS4As and NiS4Sb chromophore, respectively.

14

Application of TBP in selective removal of iron(III) in solvent extraction and transport through polymer inclusion membranes processes

Pośpiech B., Walkowiak W., Woźniak M. J.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2005

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Vol. 39

89-98

EN

The separation of iron(IIl) from chloride aqueous solutions containing Mn(II), Ni(II), Co(II) and Cu(ll) by solvent extraction and transport through polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) processes was studied. Tributyl phosphate (TBP) was used as the extractant/ion carrier. Extraction of Fe(lII) increased with increasing of extractant concentration in the organic phase. The selective transport of Fe(lll) from aqueous chloride source phase through PIM containing cellulose triacatate (CTA) as the support, ο-nitrophenyl octyl ether (ONPOE) as the plasticizer and TBP as the ion carrier has been studied. The influence of the ion carrier and plasticizer concentration on the transport metal ions was investigated. The results show that Fe(III) can be separated very effectively from others metal ions. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to obtain images of the pores in cellulose triacetate membranes containing a plasticizer.

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań selektywnego wydzielania Jonów Fe(III) z wodnego roztworu chlorkowego zawierającego jony Mn(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) i Co(II) w procesie ekstrakcji cieczowej i transportu przez polimerowe membrany inkluzyjne. W roli ekstrahenta/przenośnika jonów użyto fosforanu tributylu (TBP). Zbadano zależność wydajności ekstrakcji od stężenia ekstrahenta. Wydajność ekstrakcji żelaza(III) wzrastała ze wzrostem stężenia TBP w nafcie. Najwyższy procent ekstrakcji jonów Fe(III) uzyskano przy 2,0 i 3,6 M TBP i wynosił on odpowiednio 99,5 i 99,8 %. Określono także wpływ zawartości plastyfikatora oraz przenośnika jonów w membranie na transport jonów żelaza(III) z kwaśnego roztworu chlorków Mn(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) i Co(II). W tych warunkach procesu transportu nie stwierdzono obecności jonów tych metali w fazie odbierającej. Ze wzrostem zawartości ONPOE od 0,6 do 2.0 cm3/g CTA wartość strumieni początkowych wzrastała. Przy stężeniu plastyfikatora wynoszącym 2,0 cm3/g CTA strumień początkowy wynosił 32,90 μmol/n2s. Z kolei wzrost stężenia przenośnika w membranie w zakresie od 0,5 do 1,5 M TBP (w przeliczeniu na objętość plastyfikatora) powodował wzrost wartości współczynnika przepuszczalności. Dalsze zwiększanie zawartości TBP nie wpływało na szybkość procesu. Wykorzystując mikroskopię sił atomowych (AFM) wykonano także analizę struktury powierzchni membrany zawierającej TBP, ONPOE i CTA oraz membrany z samego CTA.

15

Selective removal of transition metal ions in transport through polymer inclusion membranes with organophosphorus acids

Ulewicz M., Walkowiak W.

Environment Protection Engineering

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2005

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Vol. 31, nr 3-4

73-82

EN

Separation of transition metal ions from aqueous chloride solutions by transport through polymer inclusion membrane (PIM) process is presented. The competitive transport of equimolar mixtures of Zn(II) and Cd(II) as well as Zn(II), Cu(II), Co(II), Cd(II), and Ni(II) was investigated. The selective transport of metal ions from aqueous chloride source phase through PIM-containing cellulose triacetate (support), o?nitrophenyl pentyl ether (plasticizer) and organophosphorus acidic compounds, i.e. di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA), di(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinic acid (Cyanex 272), di(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)dithiophosphinic acid (Cyanex 301) and bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)monothiophosphinic acid (Cyanex 302) as ion carriers, is shown. The influence of extractant nature on the selectvity and efficiency of cation transport has been examined. Zn(II) can be effectively removed from dilute aqueous chloride solutions containing equilmolar mixture of Zn(II) and Cd(II) ions in transport through PIMs with di(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinic acids, bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)monothiophosphinic acid or di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid as the ionic carriers into 1.0 M HCl as the receiving phase. The per cent removal of Zn(II) and Cd(II) ions increases with an increase in pH, but more efficient separation of Zn(II) than Cd(II) ions decreases with pH increase in the source phase. Zn(II) can be also effectively removed from dilute aqueous chloride solutions containing equimolar mixture of Zn(II), Cd(II), Cu(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) ions by its transport through PIMs with D2EHPA, Cyanex 272 and Cyanex 302. All ions investi-gated are effectively removed with di(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)dithio-phosphinic acids (Cyanex 301) as the ionic carrier into 1.0 M HCl as the receiving phase. The per cent removal of all metal ions investigated increases with an increase in pH of solution in the source phase. The initial transport fluxes of all metal ions through PIM with Cyanex 272 increase with an increase in an initial chloride acid concentration in the receiving phase.

16

Synthesis and Characterization of Nickel(II), Cobalt(III) and Iron(III) Complexes of the Schiff Base 1-(2,3-Dihydroxybenzylidene)thiosemicarbazone

Kubaisi A., El-Metwally N., Eltayeb M.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

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2004

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Vol. 78 / nr 4

515-520

EN

Ni(II), Co(III) and Fe(III) complexes of the Schiff base 1-(2,3-dihydroxybenzylidene) thiosemicarbazone (Hdhbtsc) have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectra, thermal analysis, molar conductivity and magnetic measurements. The results indicate the formation of 1:2 metal to ligand complexes with empirical formulae [Ni(Hdhbtsc)2(Cl)2] and [M(dhbtsc)2(Cl)(H2O)], (Hdhbtsc = the Schiff base; dhbtsc = anionic form of the Schiff base; M = Fe3+ or Co3+ ). The three new complexes are six coordinate and octahedral, where the ligands behave as bidentate chelating agents in the neutral form with Ni2+ and in the uninegatively charged form with Fe3+ or Co3+.

17

Bimetallic complexes with macrocyclic ligands. Variation of magnetic exchange interactions in some heteronuclear thiocyanato-bridged compounds

Tomkiewicz A., Kłak J., Mroziński M.

Materials Science Poland

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2004

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Vol. 22, No. 3

252--263

EN

A series of heterobinuclear, thiocyanato-bridged complexes of macrocyclic ligands of copper(II) and nickel(II) have been characterized by variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility (1.72-300 K). The complexes have the following composition: (CuL1)3[Fe(NCS)6]2ź3H2O (1), (CuL1)[Ni(NCS)6]ź2H2O (2), (CuL1)[Co(NCS)4]ź3H2O (3), where L1 is 5,12-dimethyl-[14]-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradeca-4,11-diene and (NiL2)3[Fe(NCS)6]2ź2H2O (4), (NiL2)[Co(NCS)4]ź3H2O (5), (NiL2)2[Cr(NCS)6] ClO4 (6), where L2 is 5,7,12,14-tetramethyl-[14]-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradeca-4,11-diene. The results indicate that all of them behave as weakly interacting magnets.

18

Transport of transition metal ions through polymer inclusion membranes with Cyanex 301

Ulewicz M.

Ars Separatoria Acta

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2004

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No. 3

81-88

EN

The selective transport of zinc(II) and cadmium(II) ions from aqueous chloride or sulfate source phase through polymer inclusion membranes (PIM) containing cellulose triacetate (support), o-nitrophenyl pentyl ether (plasticizer) and di(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)dithiophosphinic acid - Cyanex 301 (ion carrier) is shown. Zn(II) and Cd(II) ions can be effectively removed from dilute chloride and sulfate aqueous solutions into 1.0 M HCl or H2SO4 as the receiving phase. The separation coefficients were practically constant for acid concentrations in the receiving phase ranging from 0.01 to 1.0 M Copper(II), zinc(II), cadmium(II), cobalt(II), and nickel(II) ions removal from aqueous chloride solutions in transport through PIMs is also shown. These metal ions can be effectively removed from dilute aqueous chloride solutions in transport through PIMs with di(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)dithiophosphinic acid as the ionic carriers into 1.0 M HCl. The selectivity coefficients of Cu(II) over Zn(II), Cd(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) were low and decreased with an increase in the pH of source aqueous phase.

19

Application of D2EHPA for manganese(II) and nickel(II) separation by solvent extraction and polymer inclusion membranes

Pośpiech B., Walkowiak W., Ulewicz M.

Ars Separatoria Acta

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2004

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No. 3

72-80

EN

The separation of manganese(II) and nickel(II) from chloride solution with di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) was studied. The metal ions were separated using solvent extraction and transport through polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) with D2EHPA as the extractant/ion carrier. The aqueous solutions consisted of 0.010 M manganese(II) and nickel(II) chlorides. The influence of aqueous phase pH on the separation of Mn(II) and Ni(II) has been investigated. Mn(II) can be selectively removed from chloride solution at equilibrium pH equal to 2.90. From the organic phase, Mn(II) was stripped with 0.1-2.0 M aqueous solutions of HCl, H2SO4 and HNO3. The competitive transport of Mn(II) and Ni(II) through PIMs was studied as a function of the ion carrier and plasticizer concentration in the membrane.

20

Synthesis and Characterization of New Thiocyanato Bridged Complexes with the General Formula [MLn}3[Cr(NCS)6]2.mH2O, where M=Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II); L=Various Substituted Imidazoles

Wrzeszcz G., Dobrzańska L., Grodzicki A., Rozpłoch F.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

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2003

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Vol. 77 / nr 2

147-156

EN

New thiocyanato bridged complexes of the type [CuL4]3[Cr(NCS)6]2_mH2O [L = 1-methylimidazole (1-Meim), 2-methylimidazole (2-Meim), 1,2-dimethylimidazole (1,2- Me2im)] and [M(1-Meim)6]n[{M(1-Meim)4Cr(NCS)6}2n]_mH2O (M = Ni(II), Co(II) were prepared by the reaction of [Cr(NCS)6]3- with the appropriate [MLn]2+ complex in an aqueous solution and characterized by elemental and thermal analysis, IR, UV-VIS, EPR and temperature variable magnetic susceptibility. The presence of NCS bridges between M(II)-Cr(III) centres is evident from IR spectra. The electronic spectra correlate with proposal of different composition of Cu3Cr2 and M3Cr2(M = Ni, Co) systems. The parameters determined from temperature dependence on magnetic susceptibility (80-300 K) indicate weak or negligible antiferromagnetic interaction for obtained Cu(II)-Cr(III), Ni(II)-Cr(III) and Co(II)-Cr(III) systems. Thermal decomposition after dehydration is multistage and yields CuO + CuCrO2 and MIIO+MIICr2O4 as final products, respectively.