Dryness of skin, lack of elasticity, laxity, pigmentation, fine lines and wrinkles are the effects of skin aging [1-11]. Researchers and technologists try to fight with these problems. Researchers are still looking for new biologically active substances, which would improve the appearance of skin and technologists are creating a special composition of skin care products. The following publication is a review of currently used biologically active peptides applied in cosmetic products for skin aging (Tab. 1). There are three main groups of peptides with different mechanism of action: neurotransmitter-affecting peptides, carrier peptides and signal peptides [16]. Neuropeptides are peptides, which mimic the action of botulinum neurotoxin (the structure of active toxin is presented in the Fig. 1). These peptides decrease muscle contraction through interactions at the neuromuscular junction [13, 16, 18]. Carrier peptides take part in delivering a cofactor required for wound healing and enzymatic processes into the dermis [16, 28, 29]. Instead, signal peptides are able to stimulate collagen synthesis and cause growth of human dermal skin fibroblasts [16, 18].
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