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Nearness of Visual Objects. Application of Rough Sets in Proximity Spaces

Peters J.F., Skowron A., Stepaniuk J.

Fundamenta Informaticae

2013

Vol. 128, nr 1-2

156--176

The problem considered in this paper is how to describe and compare visual objects. The solution to this problem stems from a consideration of nearness relations in two different forms of Efremovič proximity spaces. In this paper, the visual objects are picture elements in digital images. In particular, this problem is solved in terms of the application of rough sets in proximity spaces. The basic approach is to consider the nearness of the upper and lower approximation of a set introduced by Z. Pawlak during the early 1980s as a foundation for rough sets. Two forms of nearness relations are considered, namely, a spatial EF- and a descriptive EF-relation. This leads to a study of the nearness of objects either spatially or descriptively in the approximation of a set. The nearness approximation space model developed in 2007 is refined and extended in this paper, leading to new forms of nearness approximation spaces. There is a natural transition from the two forms of nearness relations introduced in this article to the study of nearness granules.

Nearness of Objects: Extension of Approximation Space Model

Peters J.F., Skowron A.

Fundamenta Informaticae

2007

Vol. 79, nr 3-4

497-512

The problem considered in this paper is the extension of an approximation space to include a nearness relation. Approximation spaces were introduced by Zdzisaw Pawlak during the early 1980s as frameworks for classifying objects by means of attributes. Pawlak introduced approximations as a means of approximating one set of objects with another set of objects using an indiscernibility relation that is based on a comparison between the feature values of objects. Until now, the focus has been on the overlap between sets. It is possible to introduce a nearness relation that can be used to determine the "nearness" of sets of objects that are possibly disjoint and, yet, qualitatively near to each other. Several members of a family of nearness relations are introduced in this article. The contribution of this article is the introduction of a nearness relation that makes it possible to extend Pawlak's model for an approximation space and to consider the extension of generalized approximations spaces.