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PL
Murawy sportowe to bardzo specyficzny rodzaj nawierzchni trawiastych, powinny one mieć odpowiednie walory estetyczne, a przy tym wykazywać dużą odporność na działanie czynników mechanicznych, takich jak ugniatanie, ścieranie czy zrywanie. Ponadto nawierzchnia boiska powinna nadawać się, w miarę możliwości niezależnie od warunków pogodowych, do eksploatacji. Na boiska sportowe polecane są mieszanki zawierające kilka odmian wiechliny łąkowej w połączeniu z późnymi odmianami życicy trwałej cechującymi się wąską blaszką liściową. Na glebach suchych korzystne jest zastosowanie niewielkiego dodatku nasion kostrzewy czerwonej. Na boiska piłkarskie, które są nawadniane, a podłoże odpowiednio skomponowane można zastosować mieszankę składającą się z kilku odmian życicy trwałej.
EN
The paper presents the results of comparing two different ways of renovating run-down swards. The study included depth seeding-punch and slot seeding. The seeds were sown in one, two and three dozes.The factor that decided the success of renovation was, in both cases, a proper opening and penetration of the sod level. Shallow slot seeding and good contact with soil had a positive effect on germination and etnergence of grasses. Based on the results obtained it was concluded that in the renovation year and successive years of grass field utilisation the best coverage occurred after the triple slot sowing.
3
Content available remote Stosunki powietrzne w glebie pod trawnikami sportowymi
EN
The paper presents data conceming factors affecting the air conditions in soils. Effect of temperature on respiration of roots and microorganisms are discussed. Grasses has a good tolerance for a low oxygen concentration as compared with other crops. Nevertheless there are differences among species of grasses as regards reaction on oxygen diffusion rate (ODR). Presented data show that the ODR at 1 cm and 5 cm depth were often considerably lower than those at greater depths. This points toward a higher diffusion resistance in the upper centimeters o f the top layer, which must have been caused by compaction and blocking of the pores by roots of grasses.
EN
A phytosociological method further to Braun-Blanquet was used for the evaluation of the floristic composition of grass surfaces of 10 sports fields in the autumn of 2000 and the spring of 2001. Degrees of quantity and constancy, cover coefficicnts, number of species in a record and sward compactness were studied. Some chemical propertics of the upper soil layer of the sports fields studied was also assessed. Species from the tread-on habitats from the Plantaginetea maioris class and the ” fresh” habitats from the Molinio-Arrhenatheretea class together with ruderal-nitrophylic plants from the Artemisietea class and companion species were predom inant in the sward of the sports field lawns. Lolium perenne was the most frequently sown species in the sports lawns, and Poa pratensis was less frequent. Among the unsown species, Poa annua was distinguished by its high contribution in the sward. Chemical properties of the upper soil layer of the sports fields studied showed that neither the treatments applied nor fertilisation was appropriate.
EN
Punch and broadcast sowing used in establishing grass of surfaces sporting facilities. The paper presents the results of studies on suitability of two surface sowings - broadcast and punch sowing. The lawns were used as football piches. The study includes also single and double seeding. On the basis of the results in can be stated that in the year o f establishm ent and for two successive years of maintenance the best compactness was found after double punch sowing.
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