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1
Content available Assessment of ship manoeuvring safety in waterway systems by relative navigational risk
Gucma Stanisław, Ślączka Wojciech, Bąk Andrzej
Archives of Transport
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2022
|
Vol. 64, iss. 4
119--134
EN
The safety of vessels navigating in the sea waterway system is ensured by fulfilling the acceptable restrictions called safe ship operation conditions in that system. The assessment of navigation safety is particularly important when the conditions for safe operation of ships in the waterway system are changed concerns increasing the maximum parameters of vessels, increasing the allowable hydrometeorological conditions or changing the minimum tug assistance. The article presents a method for assessing navigation safety when the conditions for the safe operation of vessels in the waterway system get changed. The method uses two indicators, which are difference in navigation risks and relative navigation risk. To determine the navigational risk, algorithms were developed for calculating the probability of accidents caused by the deterioration of navigation conditions and technical failure of ship equipment and tugs. Another algorithm was developed for calculating the consequences of the accidents that involve blocking a waterway by a ship anchoring in an emergency, grounding, impact of the ship against a port structure or moored ship and a collision with another ship in motion. The method developed for assessing navigation safety by means of relative navigation risk can be used in practice when changing the conditions for safe operation of vessels in the waterway system and when the system is modernized. Navigational safety management is a decision process that is implemented in the loop presented in the article. The acceptable risk is determined on the basis of vessel traffic intensity and ship parameters defined by safe operation conditions for a given waterway system. Relative navigational risk may be used in assessment and comparison of various conditions of safe ship operation. The probability of an accident caused by ship's moving outside the available navigable area due to technical failures of ship equipment or tugs is determined, depending on the type of port waterway and the manoeuvres performed.
2
Content available Proposal of new measures for risk assessment in navigation – a case study of the M/V Cosco Busan accident
Bošnjak Rino, Bukljaš Mihaela, Medić Dario, Vukša Srđan
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
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2021
|
nr 67 (139)
9--15
EN
This study discusses the marine accident involving the Cosco Busan, the container ship that hit the base of the Delta Tower of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge in November 2007. An analysis of the elements resulting in the accident and its consequences has been carried out, followed by an analysis of the navigational risk using mathematical and tabular values. Mathematical values refer to the navigational risk in a specific sailing area, while tabular values refer to the navigational risk using a risk assessment. The main goal of this research was to identify and propose new measures that are correlated with a risk assessment. These measures should be applied in areas where an accident takes place so that future marine accidents can be reduced.
3
Content available Use of fuzzy fault tree analysis and noisy-OR gate bayesian network for navigational risk assessment in Qingzhou Port
Zhao C., Wu B., Yip T. L., Lv J.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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2021
|
Vol. 15 No. 4
765--771
EN
Collisions and groundings account for more than 80% among all types of maritime accidents, and risk assessment is an essential step in the formal safety assessment. This paper proposes a method based on fuzzy fault tree analysis and Noisy-OR gate Bayesian network for navigational risk assessment. First, a fault tree model was established with historical data, and the probability of basic events is calculated using fuzzy sets. Then, the Noisy-OR gate is utilized to determine the conditional probability of related nodes and obtain the probability distribution of the consequences in the Bayesian network. Finally, this proposed method is applied to Qinzhou Port. From sensitivity analysis, several predominant influencing factors are identified, including navigational area, ship type and time of the day. The results indicate that the consequence is sensitive to the position where the accidents occurred. Consequently, this paper provides a practical and reasonable method for risk assessment for navigational accidents.
4
Content available Analysis of Human Errors Related to Many Marine Accidents Occurring While Anchoring and Manoeuvring at an Anchorage
Rutkowski Grzegorz
Scientific Journal of Gdynia Maritime University
|
2019
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nr 112
45--59
EN
The purpose and scope of this paper is to describe anchoring procedures and typical human errors that are the cause of many marine accidents related to the anchoring of vessels and their manoeuvring in anchorage areas. In this paper the author focuses on typical marine accidents recorded for very large crude carriers (VLCC). As a result of the analyses, it can be seen that in the vast majority of cases these accidents are caused by human error and are related to the violation of accepted maritime anchor practices and a failure to observe the relevant safety and security procedures. The consequences of the accidents vary from the minor (e.g. slight structural damage to the anchor winches or other marine equipment) to the serious, which result in dry dock repairs due to hull damage, loss of stability and/or loss of navigability. The described cases refer to both favourable and extremely unfavourable hydro meteorological conditions, the latter including strong winds, currents and waves within the confined anchorage area.
5
Content available remote Planowanie podróży morskiej z uwzględnieniem ryzyka nawigacji morskiej w rejonach ograniczonych
Jurdziński M.
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Gdyni
|
2016
|
nr 97
72--86
PL
W pracy opisano podstawy planowania nawigacji w rejonach ograniczonych. Przedstawiono zakres informacji niezbędny do planowania ryzyka w rejonach ograniczonych metodą FSA. Omówiono zasady oceny i zarządzania ryzykiem na podstawie zagrożeń istniejących w rejonach nawigacyjnie trudnych. W artykule przedstawiono zakres informacji do oceny ryzyka w rejonach ograniczonych, jak również w portach. Przedstawiono także statystyki przyczyn strat oraz statków całkowicie utraconych w latach 2000–2010.
EN
This paper relates to passage planning in the areas difficult to navigation. The volume and kind of information used in risk assessing by IMO FSA method in restricted waters has been mentioned. Additionally some information to establish risk management has been mentioned. Finally the required information to risk assessing to navigation in harbors have been presented. Some information on table loses statistics (2000–2010) has be given.
6
Content available Safety of Shipping when Navigating on the PS Class Container Vessel “Emma Maersk” While Approaching DCT Terminal in Gdańsk Port Północny
Rutkowski G.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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2016
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Vol. 10, no. 3
481--488
EN
In this paper author presents the methods that can be used for estimating the safety of shipping (navigational risk) in the restricted sea areas of the Gulf of Gdansk by means of a three-dimensional model of ship’s domain specified for the PS Class container vessels “Emma Maersk”. The essence of the method suggested in the thesis is the systematic approach to a sea vessel operation in the aspect of estimating its safety while approaching DCT terminal in Gdańsk Port Północny in the divergent exterior conditions.
7
Content available Risk analysis of collision between passenger ferry and chemical tanker in the western zone of the Baltic Sea
Przywarty M., Gucma L., Marcjan K, Bąk A.
Polish Maritime Research
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2015
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nr 2
3--8
EN
This paper presents assumptions and process of the forming of a risk assessment model for collision between a passenger ferry departing from or approaching port of Świnoujście and a chemical tanker carrying a dangerous cargo. In order to assess navigational safety on the basis of data obtained from AIS system, were prepared probabilistic domains of ships, which made it possible to estimate number of navigational incidents as well as their spatial distribution , that consequently allowed to determine potentially dangerous areas. The next phase was formulation of a simulative model intended for the calculating of probability of collision between the ferry and chemical tanker as well as the determining of characteristic scenarios for such collision. This paper presents also an analysis of consequences of the collision with taking into consideration a damage of cargo tanks.
8
Content available Analiza infrastruktury nawigacyjnej w kontekście oceny bezpieczeństwa nawigacyjnego w delcie Wisły i na Zalewie Wiślanym
Rutkowski G.
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Marynarki Wojennej
|
2010
|
R. 51 nr 1 (180)
51-63
PL
Niniejszy artykuł obejmuje analizę infrastruktury nawigacyjnej w kontekście oceny bezpieczeństwa nawigacyjnego oraz możliwości uprawiania żeglugi w delcie Wisły i na Zalewie Wiślanym. W artykule zaproponowano sposób oceny bezpieczeństwa żeglugi (ryzyka nawigacyjnego) w akwenie ograniczonym z wykorzystaniem przestrzennego modelu domeny statku.
EN
The paper deals with the navigational infrastructure analysis with respect to safety of navigation in the mouth of the Vistula River. In this paper the author also presents methods that can be used for estimating safety of navigation (navigational risk) in the restricted sea areas by means of the model of the ship’s domain. The essence of the method suggested in the thesis is the systematic approach to sea vessel operation in the aspect of estimating its safety when navigating in restricted sea areas.
9
Content available Risk based method admittance policy of large ferries approaching to Ystad Port
Gucma L.
Zeszyty Naukowe / Akademia Morska w Szczecinie
|
2010
|
nr 20 (92)
33-40
EN
The paper presents method of safety water depth evaluation for ship approaching to ports. The method utilizes two models: real time simulation model used for determination of ships speed approaching to given port, and Monte Carlo model for determination of probability of accidental collision with the bottom. Minimal safety depth has been calculated with use of probabilistic acceptance criteria presented in the paper.
PL
W artykule zaprezentowano metodę szacowania bezpiecznego zapasu wody pod stępką statków podchodzących do portów morskich. Metoda składa się z dwóch osobnych modeli: modelu symulacji czasu rzeczywistego oraz modelu Monte Carlo do oceny zapasu wody pod stępką. Aby ocenić bezpieczeństwo, zastosowano metody ryzyka akceptowalnego.
10
Content available The role of navigational risk assessment during ship's manoewring in limited waters
Galor W.
Journal of KONES
|
2009
|
Vol. 16, No. 2
117-124
EN
The main purpose of navigation is a safe and efficient leading of the ship between various points. This proces s should be safely and efficiently. The process of safe movement of the ship in the area is called safe navigation. These areas are called as limited waters. The manoeuvring of ships on each water area is connected with the risk of accident, which is unwanted event in results of this can appear the losses. Among water areas there are those where ship manoeuvring is restricted more than in other sea areas. These areas are called as limited waters. They are mainly characterised a relatively high number of navigation accidents. The assessing of navigation safety requires the application of proper criteria, measures and factors. The criteria make it possible to estimate the probability of navigational accident for certain conditions. The safety of ship's movement can be identified as admissible risk, as a combination of probability of accident and losses. The overall risk of ship movement in water area in then the sum of these single risks depehd on the under keel clearance, distance to navigational obstruction, air drought, collision with other floating craft and berthing energy.Such way permits to assess of safety of ship 's manoeuvring by quantity. The paper present the method of risk assessment for ship's in limited waters by analysis of basic elements restricted its movement.
11
Content available Sequential risk model for ship manoeuvring operations in the harbour
Abramowicz-Gerik T., Burciu Z., Smolarek L., Soliwoda J.
Annual of Navigation
|
2009
|
No. 15
5-11
EN
The paper presents the sequential risk model of ship manoeuvring operations in the harbour. The risk of the sequence of manoeuvring procedures performed by a self-manoeuvring vessel in the harbour during approach, entry into the harbour and berthing inside the docks has been expressed as a function of the conditional probabilities of the sequential operations and their consequences.
12
Content available Risk based model of information optimization in maritime electronic chart application
Gucma M.
Journal of Polish Safety and Reliability Association
|
2008
|
Vol. 1
143--147
EN
The paper is concerned on a statistical approach to the solution of practically very important problem, of risk based criteria’s, in field of testing and development of a sea electronic chart. Criteria estimation in human - computer systems is difficult, and not in every case might be satisfactory. In many cases wrong criteria estimation might occur in inapplicability of whole system. In paper author copes with universal model of information optimization for navigation chart system using example of pilot navigation system.
13
Content available remote Location of an lng terminal on the polish coast - optimal solution
Gucma S.
Journal of KONBiN
|
2008
|
No. 1 (4)
291-317
EN
This article, using a comparative method, estimates navigational and economic risks concerning shipping routes and associated two variants of the terminal location on the Polish coast. The estimated risks specifically refer to LNG tanker passages to and from the planned terminal. The location variants were compared and the optimal solution was indicated.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono porównawczą metodę szacowania ryzyka nawigacyjnego oraz ekonomicznego na trasach żeglugowych prowadzących do dwóch wariantów lokalizacji terminali LNG na wybrzeżu polskim. Oszacowano ryzyko nawigacyjne i ekonomiczne całego przejścia zbiornikowców LNG porównano warianty lokalizacji i wybrano wariant optymalny.
14
Content available The ships impact in ground of port water area
Galor W.
Journal of Polish Safety and Reliability Association
|
2007
|
Vol. 1
115--119
EN
The existing ports are expected to handle ships bigger than those for which they were designed. The main restriction in serving these ships is the depth of port waters, which directly affects the safety of a manoeuvring ship. The under keel-clearance of a ship in the port water area should be such that a ship moves safely. In some specific conditions it happen the ship strike the sea bottom. The undesired impact against the ground can damage the ship hull. The paper presents the algorithm of ships movement parameters during contact with the ground.
15
Content available remote Zastosowanie modelu domeny do oceny bezpieczeństwa nawigacyjnego statków poruszających sie w akwenach ograniczonych
Rutkowski Grzegorz
Prace Naukowe Politechniki Warszawskiej. Transport
|
2002
|
z. 48
27-46
PL
W artykule zaproponowano sposób oceny bezpieczeństwa żeglugi ( ryzyka nawigacyjnego) w akwenie ograniczonym z wykorzystaniem przestrzennego modelu domeny statku. W artykule zdefiniowano pojecie bezpieczeństwa żeglugi, bezpieczeństwa nawigacji, akwenu trudnego pod względem nawigacyjnym, ryzyka nawigacyjnego i ryzyka kolizji. Istotą proponowanych w pracy metod jest systemowe ujęcie eksploatacji statku morskiego w aspekcie oceny jego bezpieczeństwa podczas manewrowania w ograniczonych akwenach.
EN
In this paper the author presents methods that can be used for estimating the safety of navigation (navigational risk) in restricted sea areas by means of a model of the ship`s domain. It presents an attempt to define the following notions:" safety of shipping", "safety of navigation", "sea area difficult for navigation", "risk of navigation" and "risk of collision". The essence of the method suggested in the thesis is a systematic approach to sea vessel operation estimating its safety when navigation in restricted sea areas.
16
Content available remote Wpływ wzrostu wymiarów statku na ryzyko nawigacyjne na torze wodnym
Galor W.
Zeszyty Naukowe / Wyższa Szkoła Morska w Szczecinie
|
1998
|
nr 55
17-26
PL
Przedstawiono metodę określenia ryzyka nawigacyjnego ruchu statku na torze wodnym z uwzględnieniem zwiększenia wymiarów eksploatowanych statków. Metoda polega na wyznaczaniu względnego wzrostu ryzyka nawigacyjnego jako kombinacji wzrostu prawdopodobieństwa awarii i jej skutków. Metoda może mieć zastosowanie do wspierania procesu decyzyjnego administracji morskiej w ocenie modernizacji projektowanych torów.
EN
The papper presents a method of determining the navigational risk of ships in the fairway with consideration of increased size of the ship. The gist of the method is determining the relative increase in navigational risk as a combination of average probability and its consequences. The method can be applied to back up sea-administration decision making, when evaluating newly designed fairways.
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