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Somebody else’s problem? usability in ship bridge design seen from the perspective of different maritime actors

Danielsen B. E., Petersen E. S.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2022

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Vol. 16 No. 4

685--700

EN

Navigation is a complex interaction between human, organizational, environmental, and technological factors on the ship’s bridge. Today, ships bridges include a broad suite of equipment with both digital and analogue interfaces, covering a range of functions and purposes. Suboptimal usability in equipment and interface design as well as layout of the ships bridge has been reported by researchers for decades. This paper aims to contribute to our understanding of why there has been limited progression in usability in ship bridge design over the last decades, by investigating the stakeholders’ different perspectives of their influence, interest and responsibility for usability in ship bridge design. The study is based on interviews with seafarers, shipowners, equipment manufacturers, shipyard, insurance companies, classification societies and a flag state. Usability in navigational equipment and systems on a ship’s bridge is required by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) SOLAS Regulation V/15. We find that this goal-based requirement is challenging to follow up both in design, development, and survey work. To achieve usability in maritime equipment and bridge systems ideally requires the actively involvement of end-users throughout the design and development process. We find that the seafarers, the direct end-users, do not have a clear voice in the ship bridge and bridge equipment design and the associated purchasing processes. The other stakeholders appear to recognize the existing shortcomings, and some do show interest in improvements, but the responsibility for usability seem to be fragmented, and they see the potential solutions as being somebody else’s problem. We conclude by suggesting both long-term and a short-term way forward for improving usability in ship bridge design.

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Mobile bridge - a portable design siimulator for ship bridge interfaces

Stratmann T.C., Gruenefeld U., Hahn A., Boll S., Stratmann J., Schweigert S.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2018

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Vol. 12, no. 4

763--768

EN

Developing new software components for ship bridges is challenging. Mostly due to high costs of testing these components in realistic environments. To reduce these costs the development process is divided into different stages. Whereas, the final test on a real ship bridge is the last step in this process. However, by dividing the development process into different stages new components have to be adapted to each stage individually. To improve the process we propose a mobile ship bridge system to fully support the development process from lab studies to tests in realistic environments. Our system allows developing new software components in the lab and setting it up on a ship bridge without interfering with the vesselʹs navigational systems. Therefore it is linked to a NaviBox to get necessary information such as GPS, AIS, compass, and radar information. Our system is embedded in LABSKAUS, a test bed for the safety assessment of new e‐Navigation systems.

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System mostka zintegrowanego – problemy z integracją danych radarowych

Wawruch R.

TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego

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2012

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R. 19, nr 9

505--513, CD

PL

W artykule przedstawiono przyczyny i cel wprowadzania systemów zintegrowanych na mostki nawigacyjne statków morskich oraz oceniono możliwości stosowania jako sensora systemu zintegrowanego radaru pracującego na fali ciągłej zmodulowanej częstotliwościowo (FM-CW). Szczegółowej analizie poddano możliwości detekcyjne takiego radaru w funkcji rodzaju wykorzystywanych w nim algorytmów obróbki cyfrowej sygnału wizyjnego. Efektywność algorytmów oceniono poprzez porównanie odległości wykrycie obiektów rzeczywistych przez zainstalowane w Akademii Morskiej w Gdyni radary FM-CW CRM-203 i impulsowy Raytheon NSC34.

EN

Paper presents reasons and purpose of introducing of the integrated systems on navigational bridges of sea going vessels and possibility assessment of the Frequency Modulated Continuous Waves (FM-CW) radar utilisation as a sensor in these systems. Detection possibility of these radars in function of the type of video signal digital processing algorithm utilised in the radar was subject particular analysis. Algorithms efficiency was assessed by comparison of rear objects detection distances by installed in Gdynia Maritime University radars FM-CW CRM-203 and pulse radar Raytheon NSC34.