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3D printed poly L-lactic acid (PLLA) scaffolds for nasal cartilage engineering

Jabłoński A., Kopeć J., Jatteau S., Ziąbka M., Rajzer I.

Engineering of Biomaterials

2018

Vol. 21, no. 144

15--19

In this study the scaffolds for nasal cartilages replacement were designed using a software called Rhino 3D v5.0. The software parameters considered for the design of scaffolds were chosen and the scaffolds were fabricated using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), a rapid prototyping technology, using poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) filament. The topographical properties of the scaffolds were calculated through 3D model simulation. The morphology of obtained scaffold was observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The biological properties, i.e. bioactivity of the scaffolds, were assessed in Simulated Body Fluid. On the basis of natural cartilages images the external shape of the scaffold was designed using the 3D modeling software. The FDM is a useful method in fabrication of 3D bioactive implants for cartilage tissue engineering. Thanks to the use of 3D modeling software, it is possible to prepare and manufacture artificial cartilage in a controlled manner. Artificial scaffold made of PLLA polymeric matrix may mimic natural one by shape, topography, geometry, pore size, and their distribution. In addition, it is possible to guarantee appropriately selected biological properties such as biocompatibility and high bioactivity of scaffolds, which was proved using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The surface observation of the 3D printed scaffolds showed in vitro formation of apatite after immersion in the SBF. What is more, it is possible to match the scaffold not only to the large cavity but also individually to each patient.

A tubular polycaprolactone/hyaluronic acid scaffolds for nasal cartilage tissue engineering

Jatteau S., Kurowska A., Ziąbka M., Rajzer I.

Engineering of Biomaterials

2017

Vol. 20, no. 141

8--12

In this preliminary study, 3D nanofibrous porous scaffolds in the form of spiral tubes for future application as nasal cartilages implants were fabricated by combining polycaprolactone electrospun fibers with drug modified hyaluronic acid gel. It is expected that the spiral form of the scaffold with open geometries, large surface area, and distance between the scaffold walls will be helpful for improving future cell penetration into the scaffolds, nutrient transport and metabolic waste removal, which are otherwise limited in conventional electrospun tissue-engineered scaffolds. The tubular scaffolds structure, its porosity and fibers’ diameter were assessed via scanning electron microscopy, and biological properties of the scaffolds were evaluated in an in vitro study using Simulated Body Fluid (SBF). SEM results showed that apatite formed within a short period on tubular scaffolds after its immersion in SBF, demonstrating high in vitro bioactivity of the scaffolds.