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A Review of Microplastic Pollution: Harmful Effect on Environment and Animals, Remediation Strategies

Albazoni Hamza Jasim, Al-Haidarey Mohammed Jawad Salih, Nasir Afyaa Sabah

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2024

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Vol. 25, nr 2

140--157

EN

Microplastics are so widely dispersed and abundant throughout the globe that many scientists consider them to be important markers of the recent and current time, which is known as the Plasticene. The effects of microplastics are still not fully known, though. Because microplastics are multiple stressors with a variety of physical-chemical characteristics, understanding their impact is quite complicated. Toxic chemicals are transported by microplastics in ecosystems, acting as vectors of transport. Also, many dangerous chemicals are added during polymer production to enhance their properties as well as lengthen their life, and these chemicals must have detrimental effect. To date, many significant studies have been conducted, making a good progress to understand the effect of the key plastic additives on the environment. These additives are discharged into the environment and, hence become a source of many health issues, especially, when are coupled with micro-plastics. The current study thoroughly reviewed the most toxic and dangerous chemicals used in the plastic industry, elaborating the effects on organism health. Also, it provided information about the works that explored their abundance on microplastics.

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Nano- i mikroplastik – zanieczyszczenia XXI wieku

Podbielska Magdalena, Szpyrka Ewa

Polish Journal for Sustainable Development

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2023

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T. 27, cz. 2

73--79

PL

Tworzywa sztuczne są ważnym materiałem w naszej gospodarce i życiu codziennym. Dzięki niskim kosztom produkcji oraz możliwości formowania ich w różne kształty, stały się najbardziej uniwersalnym materiałem na świecie. Tworzywa sztuczne są masowo produkowane do zastosowań w opakowaniach, przemyśle budowlanym, przemyśle elektrycznym i elektronicznym, tekstyliach, transporcie i rolnictwie. Światowa produkcja tworzyw sztucznych w 2021 roku wyniosła 391 mln ton. W wyniku procesów fizycznych, biologicznych, chemicznych lub termicznych, materiały te ulegają rozpadowi tworząc cząstki zwane mikroplastikiem (MP) i/lub nanoplastikiem (NP), które w ostatnim dziesięcioleciu stały się istotnym zanieczyszczeniem środowiska. Ksenobiotyki te odnajdywane są w powietrzu, wodzie, glebie, a także w organizmach żywych. Mogą również wywoływać niekorzystne skutki dla zdrowia człowieka.

EN

Plastics are an important material in our economy and everyday life. Thanks to low production costs and the ability to form them into various shapes, they have become the most universal material in the world. Plastics are mass-produced for applications in packaging, construction, electrical and electronics, textiles, transportation and agriculture. Global plastic production in 2021 amounted to 391 million tonnes. As a result of physical, biological, chemical or thermal processes, these materials decompose, forming particles called microplastics (MP) and/or nanoplastics (NP), which have become a significant environmental pollutant in the last decade. These xenobiotics are found in the air, water, soil, as well as in living organisms. They may also cause adverse effects on human health.

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Presence of MNPs in Water Environment-pathways of Degradation and Impact on Organisms

Zając Marcin, Kotyńska Joanna, Naumowicz Monika

Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports

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2023

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Vol. 33, no. 4

106--122

EN

In recent years, micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) in the natural environment have become a severe issue. Therefore, it seems significant to be knowledgeable on the topic. The purpose of the literature review presented here is to describe the general characteristics of plastic particles, their main sources, degradation mechanisms, and the impact of plastic particles on individual systems of the human body. The usefulness and scale of distribution of plastics worldwide is shown, considering the increase in their production in recent years. Up-to-date literature indicates that they may influence the development of cancer, e.g. stomach, liver, or colon cancer. Scientists associate microplastics with the development of cardiovascular and immunological diseases. They also draw attention to the temporal correlation between the increased incidence of the above-civilization diseases and the increased environmental contamination with microplastics in recent decades.

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Nano- i mikroplastiki w ekosystemie wodnym

Szultka-Młyńska Małgorzata, Pashaei Reza, Dzingelevičienė Reda, Buszewski Bogusław

Analityka : nauka i praktyka

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2021

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nr 2

52--57

PL

Wpływ plastiku na organizmy wodne, biorąc pod uwagę ich wszechobecność w środowisku wodnym (jeziora, rzeki, morza, oceany), budzi coraz większe obawy. Zauważalny jest postęp badań naukowych w tym kierunku, ale są one wciąż bardzo fragmentaryczne.