Materials engineering entered a period of new possibilities of designing and producing materials with required properties. Since several years a rapid development of nanotechnologies could be observed. As nanomaterials we define polycrystalline substances composed of grains, the diameter of which does not exceed 100 nanometers (nm). This refers usually to the size of the grain, but it may also concern the thickness of layers produced or imposed on the bedding. The size limit of nanomaterials varies for materials with different utilizable properties and is usually related with the occurrence of new qualitative properties after exceeding this limit. Nanocrystals can be created by pure metals, their alloys as well as ceramic materials.
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