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Investigating Indian summer heatwaves for 2017–2019 using reanalysis datasets

Hari Manoj, Tyagi Bhishma

Acta Geophysica

2021

Vol. 69, no. 4

1447--1464

Heatwaves are characterized by an increase in temperature to extreme levels, which adversely distress the living organisms. India ranks second in terms of disaster mortality among the world countries, preponderantly by heatwave—infuenced by regional climatology. In this study, the Excess Heat Factor (EHF) index is used to detect the heatwave using the ERA-Interim reanalysis dataset over various states of India during the summer period (April–June of 2017–2019). EHF categorizes heat waves based on the severity, which is an intensity measure created by combining the measures of excess heat, long-term temperatures anomaly characteristics by each location’s unique climatology of heat by various thresholds. The heatwave events are analysed by combining the means of excess heat and heat stress, which has a strong aspect of EHF measure ments. Concerning the intensity of future heatwaves, EHF index helps to analyse the frequency and intensity of heatwave episodes and alert those community most exposed to heat related illness. One of the indices is derived from a climatological background to analyse the severity of heatwave over the Indian states. The analysis over India using the EHF index refected a substantial rate of increase in the intensity and the frequency of heatwaves in the successive years with an average EHF intensity (mean EHF for the analysis period) of ~ 41 °C2 , ~ 38 °C2 and ~ 39 °C2 , especially over the north–western states, eastern coastal states and central and southern states, respectively. The results of this study serve as a drive in the risk and vulnerability planning and assessment.