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Anti-solvent sonocrystallisation of lactose

Patel S.R., Murthy Z.V.P.

Chemical and Process Engineering

2011

Vol. 32, nr 4

379-389

The present work deals with ultrasound assisted crystallisation of lactose from lactose solution. The crystallisation of lactose was completed rapidly by applying the ultrasound waves in the presence of an anti-solvent (n-propanol), at the room temperature (30š3°C). The yield of lactose was found to be more than 85% (w/w) in 4 minutes of sonication. The spread of the crystal size distribution was found to decrease with increase in sonication time.

Esterification of propionic acid with n-propanol catalytic and non-catalytic kinetic study

Duarte C.

Inżynieria Chemiczna i Procesowa

2006

T. 27, z. 1

273-286

The kinetic expressions and constants for both the heterogeneously catalysed (using Amberlyst 46) and non-catalysed production of propyl propionate from n-propanol and propionic acid have been determined. For the catalysed reaction, a pseudo-homogeneous model was used.

Sformułowano równania kinetyczne oraz stałe szybkości reakcji tworzenia propionianu propylu z n-propanolu i kwasu propionowego w reakcji niekatalizowanej oaz katalizowanej heterogenicznie za pomocą katalizatora Amberlyst 46. Dla reakcji katalizowanej zastosowano model pseudohomogeniczny.

Determination of the adsorption model of alcohols on the sulfonic copolymer by a gas chromatography method

Słomkiewicz P.M.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

2004

Vol. 6, nr 2

39-42

Determination of the number of adsorption sites on the sulfonated divinylbenzene-styrene copolymer for alcohols (methanol, ethanol and n-propanol, n-butanol,) was performed by the copolymer saturation of alcohol vapour, the removing excess of alcohol from the copolymer by blowing the inert gas through the copolymer bed and the desorption of the adsorbed alcohol at the programmed increase of temperature. The adsorption measurements were performed on the sulfonated ion exchange resin (Amberlyst 15) with different acid group concentration, which means, with the varying number of adsorption sites. The adsorption model where one sulfonic group can adsorb one molecule of alcohol was proposed.