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Myśl obronno-ekonomiczna Polski w 2017 roku odczytana z treści książek

Płaczek J.

Przegląd Nauk o Obronności

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2017

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R. 2, Nr 4

149--166

PL

Polska myśl obronno-ekonomiczna rozwija się w naszym kraju. Świadczą o tym wydawane drukiem książki o tej tematyce. W 2017 r. ukazało się ich dziewięć. Dotyczą one standardowych obszarów, tj.: bezpieczeństwa energetycznego, szacowania potęgi państw, bezpieczeństwa ekonomicznego oraz administracji terenowej. Nowymi zagadnieniami stały się tu: międzynarodowa współpraca gospodarczo-obronna, Europejska Agencja Obrony, rezerwy strategiczne, rola czynnika ludzkiego na rzecz systemu pozamilitarnego oraz zagadnienia geopolityczne widziane przez pryzmat współczesnego konfliktu ukraińskiego mające swe reperkusje w gospodarce. W sumie doliczyć się tu można ok. 80 autorów. Wywodzą się oni z różnych ośrodków naukowo-dydaktycznych i praktyki gospodarczej naszego kraju. W sumie myśl ta wspiera działania polityczno-militarno-gospodarcze w tym obszarze wiedzy, monitorując współczesność - próbuje wpływać na kształtowanie przyszłości w turbulentnym otoczeniu.

EN

Polish defence and economic thought is developing in our country. This is evidenced by the books on this subject published in print. In 2017, nine of them were published. They concern standard areas, i. e. energy security, estimating the power of states, economic security and local administration, also new issues like: international economic and defence cooperation, the European Defence Agency, strategic reserves, the role of the human factor for the non-military system and geopolitical issues seen through the prism of contemporary Ukrainian conflict having repercussions on the economy. In total, there are about 80 authors. They originate from various scientific-educational centres and business practices in our country. All in all, this idea supports political, military and economic activities in this area of knowledge, monitoring the present - it tries to influence the shaping of the future in a turbulent environment.

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Dorobek badań obronno-ekonomicznych w Polsce w dekadzie lat dziewięćdziesiątych

Płaczek J.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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2002

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nr 2(47)

203-222

EN

The aim of the article is to present the review of research studies in the defence - economic thought in Poland in the last decade. This thought includes the part of research opinions that illustrate and generalise ties that appear between defence phenomena of the state and national economy in order to shape a rational defence - economic policy at present and in the future. All in all, the article analyses 32 positions of defence - military thought of the 90s. The defence economics of the 90s in Poland noted many achievements, which is a significant contribution of this small group of people dealing with these problems. The changes in contemporary research programme conducted by defence economics are clearly visible. Less and less is written on economic processes in wartime, heading for considerations concerning peacetime, armed conflicts' prevention and peacekeeping. In result, the author concludes that a new defence economics handbook should be developed which would include a larger spectrum of issues and refer to the new reality.

3

Perspektywy rozwoju brytyjskiej myśli obronno-ekonomicznej

Kurinia S.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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2000

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nr 2(39)

215-225

EN

The author of the article attempts to show development directions of the British defence economics and on this example - European defence economics. In order to achieve this, the analysis of defence - economic thought development conditions has been carried out. There have been shown changes that the British and international politics undergoes, how the British Armed Forces transform, what new challenges they have to face and what transformations the defence economy, that is the economic basis for the British defence system, undergoes. The mentioned above conditions have caused that the development of British, and also European, defence-economic thought will be conducted in two directions. The first direction is the continuation of defence-economic thought. There will be still developed research problems such as: the division of alliance defence costs, the influence of the way of contracting on defence orders effectiveness, the effects of defence expenditures on economic growth and development, alocation consequences of disarmament treaties, the influence of economic policy on defence industry sector, employment changes due to industry conversion, the role of economy in military conflicts and uprisings, and weapon trade control. The second direction covers the area of new defence economics such as studies on organised national and international crime, terrorism as its particularly dangerous form , examining environmental (ecological) effects of defence system functioning and their economic dimension. Economic thought will stress defence problems more strongly in the alliance and nonmilitary dimension transforming defence economics in Euro-Atlantic security economics.

4

Brytyjska myśl obronno-ekonomiczna w nowej Europie : 1990-1997

Kurinia S.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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1999

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nr 1(34)

151-166

EN

This article is the following one in the series presenting the output of contemporary British defence economics. Basic defence economic problems that the economists faced as a result of radical political transformations taking place after 1989 have been presented in this article. The Conservative government tendency to liberalise the defence industry and weapon trade and also the need to possess a highly mobile, multi-purpose armed forces, well equipped and with a high level of readiness to react in various crisis situations caused changes in defence economic policy. The problems of this policy transformations and the ways of shaping it was undertaken by such recognised authorities as David Greenwood, Ron Smith, John Lovering and Keith Hartley. British scientists’ attention was focused on activities to rationalise the defence budget use, to shape government’s industrial defence policy which would ensure effective functioning of the defence industry and promotion of armament export, to compensate defence purchases in the economic co-operation framework.

5

Powojenna brytyjska myśl obronno-ekonomiczna : 1945-1978 : wybrane problemy

Kurinia S.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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1998

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nr 2(31)

170-186

EN

This article is the first of three to present modern British defence economy. This article discusses the post war defence-economic thought, since the end of the Second World War to 1978. On the background of political, military and economic conditions, there have been characterised works of David Greenwood, Mary Kaldor and Gavin Kennedy, the most distinguished British economists of that time dealing with defence problems. The scope of respective authors’ research is different. Greenwood was interested in problems of the military priorities role in shaping the amount of military expenditures. Kaldor dealt with the relations between factors shaping defence industry potential and problems which the weapon trade creates for the importing and exporting countries economy. Kennedy analysed the defence-economic problems the most widely. The topic of his research were the considerations on the notion, scope and comparison of defence expenditures, social-economic consequences of defence expenditures, the defence industry notions and specific character, advantages from weapon trade and the division of burdens due to common alliance defence.

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Brytyjska myśl obronno-ekonomiczna w okresie nasilenia zimnej wojny : 1979-1990

Kurinia S.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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1998

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nr 3(32)

257-275

EN

In the article, the author presents British defence-economic thought during the Conservatists’ rule. Those were the last years of the Cold War and, at the same time, the period of significant transformations in the British Armed Forces and defence industry. One of the most important issues in British defence economy was to examine social and economic results of defence expenditures. Thus viewpoints concerning the military expenditures influence upon production processes and national product division have been presented. Defence industry conversion is the next matter under consideration. Keeping employment and production potential forced researchers to deal with the problem of moving a part of military production for civilian sector needs. They pointed out to the necessity of production and employment reorganisation taking into account innovative products and processes. International security matters connected with armament control and allied defence - economic co-operation play an important role in British defence economy. Both domestic and international economic effects are discussed in the works of British economists. A special attention is drawn to increasing the scale of production, international specialisation and trade based on comparable advantages. The whole British defence-economic thought output from the eighties shows care about economic effective use of fewer and fewer resources assigned to defence.