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1
EN
The paper describes the achievements of the Earth Museum Society, referring mostly to the activities of S. Matkowski (1889-1962), especially in the interwar period. The importance and significance of his efforts to popularize geological sciences, including organizing the central geological museum (The Earth Museum), protection of geological collections, field work, and publishing activities are presented. The establishment of the Earth Museum Society in 1932 was to enable S. Matkowski to achieve these goals better and faster.
2
Content available Muzea geologiczne dla edukacji i nauki
EN
The paper presents the main problems related to the functioning of geological museums in the world and Poland in the education and science domains. The main target of a geological museum is hoarding and conservation of different geological objects that are geological heritage and should be protected at present and in the future. The museum's approach must be attractive for both young and adult people. Mobile and interactive elements must be ensuredfixed in the exhibitions and presented in an attractive manner. The most important, however, must be the real geological object. Museums have to offer geological heritage objects from different geological and mining sites which no longer exist. Geological museums are constantly created around geological sites, for example dinosaur tracks are presented as geological objects in the place where these tracks were found. The potential of Polish geological museums is very high, but only as regards their organization, science and education areas. The main problem of these museums is the lack of funding, because the role of geological museums in the education of society is unappreciated among administrators of these museums, for example of the Polish Academy of Science, Polish Geological Institute or universities, etc. The most important role of the geological museums is conservation of geological heritage and the best communication with society.
EN
Geodiversity is an important part of environmental and national assets as it plays a fundamental role in contributing to sustainable development. However, it remains one of the least recognised and valued, largely because its attractiveness is still not fully appreciated. Earth sciences inspires our awareness and knowledge. Traditionally, geological museums collected fossils, rocks, minerals and archaeological objects, first to serve the scientific community and then to perform various educational functions for non-specialists. Currently, natural museums frequently became large theme parks, presenting in situ original fossils, models and applying variety of multimedia technologies. On the other hand, such large educational centres serve as nuclei for geoparks (a geopark means a clearly defined territory, which includes a particular geological heritage and a sustainable territorial development strategy supported by a program to promote preserving the geological heritage and development, including the economic one). Therefore, geological museums, theme parks and geoparks work together and they have direct impact on the territory by influencing its inhabitants' living conditions and environment. The objective is to promote geological knowledge and simultaneously to enable the inhabitants to reappropriate the value of the geological heritage and actively participate in the cultural revitalization of a given territory as a whole. Examples from China and Poland show how it can be done, irrespectively of scale and character of naturalmonuments and geodiversity.
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