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1

Bydgostian hand exoskeleton - own concept and the biomedical factors

Kopowski Jakub, Mikołajewski Dariusz, Macko Marek, Rojek Izabela

Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems

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2019

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Vol. 15, no. 1

art. no. 20190003

EN

An exoskeleton is defined as a distinctive kind of robot to be worn as an overall or frame, effectively supporting, or in some cases substituting for, the user’s own movements. In this paper a new three-dimensional (3D) printed bydgostian hand exoskeleton is introduced and biomedically characterized. The proposed concept is promising, and the described approach combining biomechanical factors and 3D modeling driven by detailed hand exoskeleton patterns may constitute a key future method of ergonomic hand exoskeleton design and validation prior to manufacturing. Despite the aforementioned approach, we should be aware that hand exoskeleton constitutes hand support and rehabilitation robot system developing with the user; thus, certain coordination and continuity of the “hardware” part of the whole system and the training paradigm are essential for therapy efficacy.

2

Use of the surface electromyography for a quantitative trend validation of estimated muscle forces

Żuk M., Syczewska M., Pezowicz C.

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 38, no. 2

243--250

EN

Surface EMG is a non-invasive measurement of an individual muscle activity and it can be used as the indirect form of a simulated muscle forces validation. The quantitative curves comparison has some potential, which has not been fully exploited yet [13]. The purpose of current study was to quantitatively compare muscle forces predicted using musculoskeletal models to measured surface electromyography signals. A metrics based on correlation and an electromechanical delay correction for a quantitative trend validation has been proposed. Kinematics of a normal gait was collected for three healthy subjects together with ground reaction forces and EMG signals of eight different muscles of both legs. Dynamic simulations have been performed for two models of differing complexity from OpenSim library (Gait2392 and Gait2354) [2,5,6], static optimization method and computed muscle control algorithm [20] have been used. It has been shown, that the level of force-EMG trend compliance, obtained for applied models and simulation techniques, is related rather to the selected muscle than to applied optimization criteria or technique. The contribution of analyzed muscles during gait has been predicted better by complex model than by simplified model. Moreover relationship between the body proportion of subject and the degree of correlation has been observed. Proposed metrics and obtained results can be the basis for further identification of cost functions, which could most closely describe motor control strategy.

3

The biomechanics of pathological gait - from muscle to movement

Stewart C., Shortland A. P.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2010

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Vol. 12, no. 3

3-12

EN

Clinicians face the daily challenge of assessing and treating patients with gait problems. Musculoskeletal models appear to show potential for assisting with the understanding of complex pathological movements, however they are also complex and reliant on multiple assumptions in order to maintain stability. This paper breaks down the process by which muscles produce movement into a series of steps. The contributions and limitations of modelling each separate step are then considered. The calf muscles serve as an illustration throughout the paper, as these muscles are frequently implicated in the development of pathological gait patterns. An argument is put forward for the development of a range of tools for use in clinical practice, leading to an enhanced appreciation of the importance of joint moments. Improved clinical understanding of the link between muscles and movement will allow clinicians to develop better treatment plans for their patients.