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1

The effect of liquid grinding aids on the dry fine grinding of muscovite

Cayirli Serkan, Gokcen Hasan Serkan, Bozkurt Volkan, Ucbas Yasar

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2023

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Vol. 59, iss. 2

art. no. 165854

EN

This paper investigates the production of a micronized muscovite to a target product size of d50~15 μm with a minimum energy consumption to suit the product requirements of the paint industry by a dry grinding process in a laboratory-scale vertical stirred ball mill. A series of batch dry grinding tests were conducted without and with two commonly used industrial liquid grinding aids, ethylene glycol (EG, C2H6O2) and triethanolamine (TEA, C6H15NO3). The results were evaluated based on particle size distribution (PSD), specific energy consumption, span value, and aspect ratio. The results showed that using liquid grinding aids resulted in a finer PSD, lower specific energy consumption, a narrower size distribution, lower span values, and a higher aspect ratio, which meant better delamination and improved grinding efficiency to that of no grinding aid. The interaction between grinding aids and ground muscovite surfaces was investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). FTIR measurements revealed that EG and TEA were physically adsorbed on muscovite surfaces. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was also employed to determine differences between ground muscovite surfaces with and without grinding aids. SEM images indicated that grinding aids could prevent the agglomeration of ground muscovite particles while improving delamination. Adding grinding aids led to a decrease in muscovite agglomeration and an improvement in lamination owing to the adsorption of grinding aids on the particle surfaces.

2

Analysis of flotation and aggregation characteristics of muscovite particles through the extended DLVO theory

Tunç Berivan, Guven Onur, Ozdemir Orhan, Çelik Mehmet Sabri

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2022

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Vol. 58, iss. 5

art. no. 151789

EN

In this study, the flotation and aggregation characteristics of muscovite mineral particles were determined as a function of dodecyl amine hydrochloride (DAH) concentration and correlated with the theoretically calculated “particle-particle” and “particle-bubble” interactions using extended DLVO theory. In this series of tests, the flotation and aggregation characteristics of the muscovite mineral were determined with micro-flotation and turbidity measurements, respectively. In addition to these analyses, surface tension measurements were carried out as a function of pH. Also, the zeta potential and contact angle measurements were also performed as a function of DAH concentration prior to the flotation and aggregation tests. The experimental studies showed that while almost minimum and maximum points of flotation and turbidity values were obtained up to a critical concentration of DAH as 6.10-6 mol/dm3, a significant increment was obtained following that concentration. Accordingly, while repulsive forces dominated the interactions up to that concentration, the attractive forces became more effective at further concentrations such as 2.10-5, 4.10-5, 8.10-5, and 1.10-4 mol/dm3 DAH concentrations for both “particle-particle” and ”particle-bubble” interactions. This in turn suggested that the determination of energy barrier heights between ”particle-particle” and ”particle bubble” may provide important insights into both flotation and aggregation characteristics of particles.

3

Zastosowanie metody K-Ar do oznaczenia wieku deformacji skał metaosadowych formacji Yargait terranu Zavkhan (Khasagt, Mongolia) : wstępne wyniki badań

Sikora Rafał, Wójcik Antoni, Szczerba Marek, Bazarnik Jakub, Madej Stanisław

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2021

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Vol. 69, nr 7

448--453

EN

The SW margin of the Zavkhan terrane is significant for research on Paleozoic amalgamation of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). The study area is located in the western part of the Khasagt Mountains, western Mongolia. We present a new preliminary K-Ar dating of metasedimentary rocks from the Yargait Formation which were deformed during collision of the Zavkhan terrane with the Lake Zone terrane. Our results include two dating that are similar to earlier data by other authors (Stípskáetal., 2010; Bold et al., 2016b). The first dating equal to 544.1 ±13.7 Ma can be interpreted as the age ofmetamorphism and the subduction of the SW margin ofthe Zavkhan terrane under the Lake Zone terrane during the late Ediacaran-early Cambrian. The second dating of 441.1 ±11.7 Ma indicates the Late Ordovician - Silurian regional extension event.

4

Flotation and molecular dynamics simulation of muscovite with mixed anionic/cationic collectors

Bai Yang, Li Caixia, An Hongyun, Wang Guoliang, Zhao Xin, Zhang Jinqi

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2020

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Vol. 56, iss. 2

313--324

EN

In this study, three kinds of anionic collectors (sodium oleate (NaOl), sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS) and naphthenic acid (NA)) were used in combination with dodecylamine (DDA) to investigate the flotation behavior of muscovite under the action of different mixed anionic/cationic collectors, and their mechanisms for adsorption on the muscovite (001) Surface were clarified using molecular dynamics simulations. The flotation results indicated that different mixed anionic/cationic collectors could improve the recovery of muscovite to varying degrees, but the optimum molar ratio of anionic collectors to DDA and the optimum mixed collector dosage were different. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that the mixed anionic/cationic collectors could significantly increase the hydrophobicity of the muscovite, as evidenced by the decrease in the calculated water molecule density on the muscovite surface and the diffusion coefficient of water molecules at the solid/liquid interface. The interaction between the amino group and the polar group of anionic collectors reduced the electrostatic repulsion between DDA cations and theoretically increased the adsorption capacity of the mixed anionic/cationic collectors on the muscovite surface. Moreover, DDA/NA and DDA/NaOl could improve the calculated carbon atom density on the muscovite surface, which enhanced the hydrophobic association between nonpolar carbon chains, thus further achieving an enhanced flotation performance.

5

Potentiality of obtaining mica flotation concentrate from kaolinised granite

Sekulić Živko, Mihajlović Slavica R., Stojanović Jovica N., Ivoševic Branislav B., Kašić Vladan D., Ignjatović Miroslav R.

Archives of Mining Sciences

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2019

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Vol. 64, no. 3

499--508

EN

This study shows the results of flotation concentration of mica minerals from kaolinised granite taken from the "Bašića bare" deposit – Kobaš, Srbac, The Republic of Srpska (B&H). Mineralogical composition of kaolinised granite is as follows: kaolinite, feldspar, quartz, and mica. After separating >0.630 mm, and <0.043 mm size class where kaolinite is concentrated, the rest is –0.630+0.043 mm class containing quartz, feldspar and mica. The mica concentrate was obtained by the flotation concentration, while feldspar and quartz were in the flotation underflow. According to the mineralogical analysis, the most abundant minerals are mica and chlorite/clays, while quartz and feldspar occur much less, and accessory minerals are represented in trace. The semi-quantitative mineralogical analysis obtained by the X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) method of the mica concentrate amount to: mica ≈55%, chlorite/clays ≈35%, quartz ≈5%, feldspars (plagioclase and K-feldspars combined) ≈5%.

PL

W pracy omówiono wyniki badania koncentratu poflotacyjnego zawierającego minerały z grupy miki ze skaolinizowanego granitu pozyskiwanego ze złoża Basica bare w Kobas, w Republice Serbskiej (B&H). Skaolinizowany granit zawiera następujące minerały: kaolinit, skaleń, kwarc i mika. Po wyodrębnieniu klas ziaren o wymiarach >0.630 mm i <0.043 mm, zawierających największe ilości kaolinitu, pozostały produkt stanowi klasa ziaren o wymiarach –0.630+0.043, zawierających kwarc, skaleń oraz mikę. Koncentrat zawierający mikę otrzymano z koncentratu poflotacyjnego, skaleń i kwarc zebrano w produkcie dolnym procesu flotacji. W oparciu o analizy składu mineralogicznego stwierdzono, że minerałami występującymi w największych ilościach są mika oraz chloryty/iły, kwarc oraz skalenie wy-stępują w znacznie mniejszych ilościach podczas gdy pozostałe minerały występują jedynie w ilościach śladowych. Przeprowadzona analiza mineralogiczna koncentratu miki w ujęciu ilościowym w oparciu o wyniki rentgenowskiej dyfraktometrii proszkowej (X-ray powder diffraction – XRPD) ujawniła że skład jego jest następujący: mika ≈55%; chloryty/iły ≈35 %; kwarc ≈5%; skalenie (łącznie plagioklazy i skalenie potasowe) ≈5%.

6

Trace muscovite dissolution separation from vein quartz by elevated temperature and pressure acid leaching using sulphuric acid and ammonia chloride solutions

Lin M., Pei Z.-Y., Lei S.-M., Liu Y.-Y., Xia Z.-J., Xie F.-X.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2018

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Vol. 54, iss. 2

448--458

EN

Effects of sulphuric acid and ammonia chloride on muscovite dissolution were studied in acid leaching of vein quartz under elevated temperature and pressure. The leaching processes have been studied in detail by analyzing sources of impurity minerals, optimizing leaching process, analyzing leaching kinetics of Al in muscovite and charactering leaching mechanism of muscovite. The results showed that elements of Al and K mainly occurred in muscovite, and 98.10% or more of muscovite could be removed by acid leaching, while the process had limited influence on the particle size of quartz sand. Leaching of Al in the quartz ore was mainly controlled by chemical reaction. A calcination process and ammonia chloride were used for reducing chemical reaction resistance by damaging crystal structure of muscovite and providing stable acid leaching environment. Combined with the calcination process, muscovite, as a main gangue mineral, was effectively extracted during acid leaching of vein quartz at elevated temperature and pressure.

7

Ekologiczne pigmenty nośnikowe na bazie łyszczyków.

Żygadło M., Dziubak C.

Szkło i Ceramika

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2007

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R. 58, nr 4

18-22

PL

Minerały łyszczykowe (miki), dzięki specyficznym właściwościom wynikającym z budowy strukturalnej są szeroko wykorzystywane w zastosowaniach praktycznych: w kondensatorach, filtrach optycznych, izolatorach, adsorbentach, betonach i pigmentach tzw. nośnikowych. Pigmenty nośnikowe stanowią środki barwiące, zbudowane z podłoża - nośnika, najczęściej mineralnego, na który nakładane są warstwy nieorganiczne składające się z materiałów o różnych gęstościach optycznych. To powoduje występowanie zjawisk interferencji, które nadają pigmentom swoiste barwy, perłowy połysk i brylantowy wygląd. Swoiste zabarwienie i połysk pigmentów pochodzi: od wielowarstwowej struktury nieorganicznego nośnika i chromoforu i zależy od rodzaju, wzajemnego położenia tych warstw i ich grubości na bazowym krysztale łyszczyku. W obrębie tej struktury, wielokrotne odbicie padającego światła powoduje efekt barwny zmienny, odpowiednio do kąta obserwacji. Blaszkowy pokrój łyszczyków, równoległe ułożenie płatków pigmentu w medium wzmacnia efekt interferencji światła odbitego. Ważną cechą pigmentów jest ich nietoksyczność wynikająca z mineralnego ekologicznego podłoża i znikomej zawartości składników chromoforowych.

EN

The mica-type minerals due to their specific properties resulting from the structure have many practical applications in condensers, optical filters, electrical insulators, adsorbents, concrete and so-called carrier pigments. The carrier pigments are colorizing agents consisted of a support - carrier, mostly the mineral one, on which inorganic layers of various optical densities are applied. This structure leads to the phenomena of interference, which gives to pigments specific colour, a pearl shinning and diamond appearance. These pigments properties can be modified by mutual sequence of layers and their thickness on the mica carrier. Within this multilayer structure the multiple light reflection causes a variable colour effect depending on the observation angle. The plate-like mica structure and the parallel stacking of pigment flakes reinforces interference. An important property of pigments is their non-toxicity as a result of mineral ecological carrier and very small content of chromophores.

8

Cadomian versus younger deformations in the basement of the Moravo-Silesian Variscides, East Sudetes, SW Poland: U-Pb SHRIMP and Rb-Sr age data

Żelaźniewicz A., Nowak I., Bachliński R., Larionov A.N., Sergeev S.A.

Geologia Sudetica

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2005

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Vol. 37

35-51

EN

U-Pb SHRIMP dating of zircons from a metapegmatite vein which cross-cuts amphibolite facies paragneisses confirms ~580 Ma magmatism in the basement of the northern part of the Moravo-Silesian Zone (Jeseníky Mts.). Structures older than the felsic vein set are interpreted as a record of the Cadomian orogeny. This has been represented by N-trending, W-vergent folds followed by a top-to-the east shearing that occurred at T = 600°C and P = 5 kbar in the Neoproterozoic. The subsequent tectonic overprint led to folding and shearing of the pegmatite, which took place at similar P-T conditions but was associated with top-to-the west kinematics and shortening at a high angle to the foliation. This event likely developed during early stages of Variscan convergence when the Moravo-Silesian crust (Brunovistulia) was subducted and forced down below the approaching upper plate composed of terranes of the Bohemian Massif. Alternatively, it may have occurred around 500 Ma, related to crustal extensional (break-up of Gondwana margins in Cambrian times). Although the first option is favoured, presumably the two may have actually happened. The last ductile deformation was a top-to-the-east younger shearing localized in zones of various widths, assigned to the Variscan collision and reverse movement of the basement rocks. The latter two events occurred at temperatures that allowed in the metapegmatite for the crystal plastic deformation of quartz grains from which the strain was removed by subsequent static recrystallization, and that were high enough to reset the Rb-Sr system in this rock. Consequently, the obtained Rb-Sr isochron age of 290 Ma is considered to reflect the time of uplift. Such late regional uplift is characteristic of the northern part of the Moravo-Silesian Zone, which is the footwall to the Moldanubian Thrust, which separates the Bohemian Massif terranes from the Brunovistulia terrane. It follows from this study that in the East Sudetes basement rocks, structures which are often classified as Variscan may in fact be Cadomian and that the Cadomian record in these rocks is richer than previously assumed.

9

Wpływ procesów diagenetycznych na stopień przeobrażenia i właściwości pojemnościowe osadów czerwonego spągowca

Przystaś G.

Nafta-Gaz

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1999

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R. 55, nr 6

305--318

PL

Badaniom poddane zostały próbki osadów czerwonego spągowca (saxonu), pobrane z profili trzech odwiertów zlokalizowanych w rejonie Ostrowa Wielkopolskiego (SE część monokliny przedsudeckiej). Reprezentują one typy litologiczne klastycznych skał osadowych, różniące się makroskopowo pod względem wielkości ziarna, barwy, stopnia obtoczenia i wysortowania składników matrycy skalnej, obecności struktur depozycyjnych i składu mineralnego. Zakres metod badawczych, obejmujący analizę optyczną (mikroskop optyczny i skaningowy), chemiczną i petrofizyczną, dobrany był w ten sposób, aby uzyskać możliwie pełną charakterystykę petrograficzną i litologiczną osadów, którą zorientowano pod kątem wpływu procesów diagenetycznych na obecny stopień ich przeobrażenia i właściwości zbiornikowe. Wyniki badań dokumentują, że w przebadanych utworach dominują skały zwięzłe, o frakcji drobno- i średnioziarnistego piasku, o czerwonych barwach. Piaskowce te zaliczyć można do arenitów sublitycznych i litycznych. Obserwowane w osadach skutki zmian zachodzących po ich depozycji pozwalają wnioskować, że procesy przebiegały zarówno w kierunku zlityfikowania i scementowania osadów (przede wszystkim kompakcja i cementacja), jak i ich rozpuszczania. Złożoność przeobrażeń spowodowała, że każdy z typów procesów postsedymentacyjnych jest opisywany odrębnie, a jego modyfikujące działanie na wykształcenie przestrzeni porowej interpretowane jest indywidualnie.

EN

Samples of Rotliegendes sediments (Saxon) taken from boreholes in Ostrów Wielkopolski area were subject to comprehensive petrophysical examinations. They represented clastic sedimentary rocks with differentiated petrographical features. Scope of investigation procedures (optical, chemical and petrophysical) was adjusted to reveal full petrophysical and lithological characteristics of the sediments and to determine influence of diagenetic processes on their actual properties. Results of the examinations revealed dominant role of compacted sandstones, having grains of fine and medium size red in colour. The sandstones can be numered among sub-lithical and lithical arenites. The alterations observed after their deposition suggest that the processes were going both towards lithification and cementation and towards dissolution of the sediments. A complex character of the alterations made that each of the processes had to be described separately and its modifying actions towards pore space forming had to be interpreted individually.