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Research model of stomatognathic system's kinematics in protrusive movement

Wojnarowski J., Kijak E., Gąska D., Margielewicz J.

International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering

2012

Vol. 17, no. 3

1051-1059

Model tests have been conducted and described in the paper. Their aim was to evaluate muscles' activity of the stomatognathic system during mandible's insertion and putting forward. A spatial model of mandible's kinematics was formulated in order to conduct the test. The recorded during clinical trials trajectories of condyloid processes' heads and incisors were the initial data for conducting numerical calculations. Configurative coordinates, which are the basis for further calculations, were calculated on their grounds. In the suggested approach, the activity of masseter muscles and hynoid muscles is obtained as a result of the change of the length of muscle fibers in the selected periods of time, therefore non-dimensional activity coefficients were introduced.

Symmetry of muscle activity during abdominal exercises

Rutkowska-Kucharska A., Szpala A., Pieciuk E.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

2009

Vol. 11, nr 1

25-30

In this study, the symmetry of EMG activity of right and left parts of rectus abdominis, erector spinae, rectus femoris has been tested during isometric exercises. Subjects (N = 3) were selected from the university population. In each of nine isometric exercises, the position of lower and upper extremities is different in relation to the upper body. Electromyographic signals were recorded from left and right parts of selected muscles at 1000 Hz sampling frequency. Differences in EMG activity between specific exercises for left and right parts of each muscle were tested for significance with a one-way ANOVA. It was concluded that EMG activity of left and right sides of rectus abdominis and rectus femoris does not differ significantly; nevertheless statistically important differences were noticed between left and right sides of erector spine. These findings provide more detailed knowledge and understanding of different forms of abdominal exercises.