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1
Content available remote Use of the surface electromyography for a quantitative trend validation of estimated muscle forces
Żuk M., Syczewska M., Pezowicz C.
Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering
|
2018
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Vol. 38, no. 2
243--250
EN
Surface EMG is a non-invasive measurement of an individual muscle activity and it can be used as the indirect form of a simulated muscle forces validation. The quantitative curves comparison has some potential, which has not been fully exploited yet [13]. The purpose of current study was to quantitatively compare muscle forces predicted using musculoskeletal models to measured surface electromyography signals. A metrics based on correlation and an electromechanical delay correction for a quantitative trend validation has been proposed. Kinematics of a normal gait was collected for three healthy subjects together with ground reaction forces and EMG signals of eight different muscles of both legs. Dynamic simulations have been performed for two models of differing complexity from OpenSim library (Gait2392 and Gait2354) [2,5,6], static optimization method and computed muscle control algorithm [20] have been used. It has been shown, that the level of force-EMG trend compliance, obtained for applied models and simulation techniques, is related rather to the selected muscle than to applied optimization criteria or technique. The contribution of analyzed muscles during gait has been predicted better by complex model than by simplified model. Moreover relationship between the body proportion of subject and the degree of correlation has been observed. Proposed metrics and obtained results can be the basis for further identification of cost functions, which could most closely describe motor control strategy.
2
Content available Ocena obciążeń w odcinku szyjnym kręgosłupa podczas użytkowania gogli do wirtualnej rzeczywistości
Chrzan M., Michnik R., Nowakowska K.
Aktualne Problemy Biomechaniki
|
2017
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z. 13
5--12
PL
Celem niniejszej pracy było określenie obciążeń układu szkieletowo-mięśniowego w obrębie odcinka szyjnego kręgosłupa podczas korzystania z gogli służących do projekcji wirtualnej rzeczywistości. Obliczenia numeryczne przeprowadzono wykorzystując zmodyfikowany model FreePosture w środowisku AnyBody Modeling System. Przeprowadzone symulacje pozwoliły na wyznaczenie reakcji w stawach międzykręgowych odcinka szyjnego kręgosłupa, momentów od sił zewnętrznych działających na połączenia kręgów oraz wartości sił mięśniowych.
EN
The article presents load simulation in cervical spine while moving with Oculus Rift System. The researches were done by a modified FreePosture in AnyBody program. The researches had to lay down a minimum and maximum load on the cervical spine while using the VR headset system and without it. The simulation was done for upright and tilted position in two different plane.
3
Content available Force ratio in masticatory muscles after total replacement of the temporomandibular joint
Vilimek M., Horak Z., Baca W.
Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
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2016
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Vol. 18, no. 3
131--136
EN
The temporomandibular (TM) joint is one of the most active joints in the human body, and any defect in this joint has a significant impact on the quality of life. The objective of this study was to analyze changes in the force ratio after TM joint replacement on contralateral TM joint loading. Implantation of an artificial TM joint often requires removal of 3 of the 4 masticatory muscles (activators). In order to perform true loading of the TM joint, loading during mastication was investigated. Input kinematic variables and mastication force were experimentally examined. The inverse dynamics approach and static optimization technique were used for solution of the redundant mechanism. Muscle forces, and reactions in the TM joint were calculated. We modified the model for several different tasks. The m. temporalis and m. masseter were removed individually and together and the forces of mastication on the TM joint were calculated for each variation. To evaluate the results, a parametric numerical FE analysis was created to compare the magnitude of the TM joint loading during the bite process for four different muscle resections. The results show an influence relative to the extent of muscle resection on contralateral TM joint loading in a total TM joint replacement. The biggest increase in the loading magnitude on the contralateral TM joint is most evident after m. masseter and m. temporalis resection. The results from all simulations support our hypothesis that the greater the extent of muscle resection the greater the magnitude of contralateral TM joint overloading.
4
Content available Projektowanie koncepcyjne środków transportu na rzecz rekultywacji terenów górniczych
Derlukiewicz D., Lewandowski T.
Górnictwo Odkrywkowe
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2014
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R. 55, nr 4-5
260--264
PL
W artykule zaprezentowano proces projektowania koncepcyjnego na przykładzie projektu środka transportu wykorzystującego siłę mięśni ludzkich. Celem projektu było również zagospodarowanie terenów górniczych. W artykule pokazano źródła inspiracji projektantów oraz wyniki procesu projektowego na przykładzie interdyscyplinarnego projektu „Creative Design”.
EN
The article presents the conceptual design process on the example of the means of transport that use human muscle power. The aim of the project was also to develop the mining areas. The article shows the sources of inspiration for designers and the results of the design process on the example of an interdisciplinary project “Creative Design”.
5
Określanie sił mięśniowych podczas chodu na podstawie sygnałów sEMG
Świtoński E., Głowacka A.
Modelowanie Inżynierskie
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2013
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T. 16, nr 47
185--189
PL
Praca zawiera opis metodyki wyznaczania sił mięśniowych na podstawie zarejestrowanych potencjałów czynnościowych mięśni kończyn dolnych podczas chodu dla zdrowej dorosłej osoby. Badania w ramach niniejszej pracy zostały przeprowadzone z wykorzystaniem zestawu do elektromiografii powierzchniowej BTS Pocket EMG.
EN
The paper contains a description of the methodology for determination of muscle forces on the basis of recorded action potentials of lower limb muscles during gait for a healthy adult. The research in this study were conducted using BTS Pocket EMG surface electromyography system.
6
Wyznaczanie sił mięśniowych i obciążeń w stawach kończyn dolnych podczas trójskoku
Mazur Z., Dziewiecki K., Blajer W.
Modelowanie Inżynierskie
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2012
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T. 14, nr 45
99--107
PL
Trójskok polega na wykonywaniu trzech kolejnych skoków: skoku (odbicie i lądowanie na tę samą kończynę dolną), kroku (lądowanie na kończynę przeciwną) oraz zeskoku (lądowanie obunóż na piasku). Jest to konkurencja lekkoatletyczna, w której zawodnik poddawany jest bardzo dużym obciążeniom w stawach, szczególnie w czasie kontaktu zawodnika z bieżnią. Prezentowany jest model symulacyjny dla analizy dynamicznej odwrotnej trójskoku, pozwalający na szacowanie obciążeń wewnętrznych w kończynach dolnych skaczącego (sił mięśniowych i reakcji w stawach) oraz reakcji od podłoża. Rozważania są zilustrowane wybranymi wynikami symulacji numerycznej.
EN
The triple jump is a demanding athletics event divided into the hop, step, and jump phases, and during each of the landings/take-offs a jumper must tolerate extremely high impact/impulsive forces. The developed (planar) model of the jumper is valid for all the movement phases. Its actuation involves muscle forces in the lower limbs, and the resultant muscle torques in the joints. The dynamic equations are derived in a compact form, and a discussion is provided on computational aspects related to the inverse dynamics analysis, focused on effective assessment of muscle forces and joint reaction forces in the lower limbs and external reactions during the contact phases. Some numerical results of the inverse dynamics simulation are reported.
7
Content available Wyznaczanie sił mięśniowych podczas chodu dzieci zdrowych
Głowacka A., Świtoński E., Michnik R.
Aktualne Problemy Biomechaniki
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2012
|
z. 6
31--36
8
Content available Assessment of Muscle Forces and Joint Reaction in Lower Limbs During the Take-Off from the Springboard
Dziewiecki K., Mazur Z., Blajer W.
Acta Mechanica et Automatica
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2012
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Vol. 6, no. 4
11-14
EN
Computer simulation methods, based on the biomechanical models of human body and its motion apparatus, are commonly used for the assessment of muscle forces, joint reactions, and some external loads on the human body during its various activities. In this paper a planar musculoskeletal model of human body is presented, followed by its application to the inverse simulation study of a gymnast movement during the take)off from the springboard when performing the handspring somersault vault on the table. Using the kinematic da) ta of the movement, captured from optoelectronic photogrammetry, both the internal loads (muscle forces and joint reactions) in the gym) nast’s lower limbs and the external reactions from the springboard were evaluated. The calculated vertical reactions from the springboard were then compared to the values assessed using the captured board displacements and its measured elastic behaviors.
9
Content available remote Finite element modelling of the articular disc behaviour of the temporo-mandibular joint under dynamic loads
Jaisson M., Lestriez P., Taiar R., Debray K.
Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
|
2011
|
Vol. 13, no. 4
85-91
EN
The proposed biodynamic model of the articular disc joint has the ability to affect directly the complete chewing mechanism process and its related muscles defining its kinematics. When subjected to stresses from the mastication muscles, the disc absorbs one part and redistributes the other to become completely distorted. To develop a realistic model of this intricate joint a CT scan and MRI images from a patient were obtained to create sections (layers) and MRI images to create an anatomical joint CAD model, and its corresponding mesh element using a finite element method. The boundary conditions are described by the external forces applied to the joint model through a decomposition of the maximum muscular force developed by the same individual. In this study, the maximum force was operating at frequencies close to the actual chewing frequency measured through a cyclic loading condition. The reaction force at the glenoid fossa was found to be around 1035 N and is directly related to the frequency of indentation. It is also shown that over the years the areas of maximum stresses are located at the lateral portion of the disc and on its posterior rim. These forces can reach 13.2 MPa after a period of 32 seconds (s) at a frequency of 0.5 Hz. An important part of this study is to highlight resilience and the areas where stresses are at their maximum. This study provides a novel approach to improve the understanding of this complex joint, as well as to assess the different pathologies associated with the disc disease that would be difficult to study otherwise.
10
Content available Projekt urządzenia do pomiaru sił mięśniowych tułowia
Tejszerska D, Kościelny A, Michnik R
Aktualne Problemy Biomechaniki
|
2010
|
z. 4
243--248
PL
W ramach pracy opracowano projekt urządzenia do oceny sił mięśni tułowia. W oparciu o przyjęte założenia opracowano cztery koncepcje urządzenia. Na podstawie przeprowadzonej optymalizacji punktowej do dalszych prac projektowych wybrano dwa warianty. Dla wybranych koncepcji urządzenia przeprowadzono obliczenia wytrzymałościowe przy wykorzystaniu MES w programie AnsysWorkbench.
EN
In the frame of this work presents project of device for measuring the trunk muscle forces was elaborated. On the basis of the assumptions four conceptions of device were elaborated. Two variants of device were accepted on the basis of the chosen criterion. Strength analysis in ANSYS Workbench was done for chosen conceptions of device.
11
Content available remote The necessity of physiological muscle parameters for computing the muscle forces: application to lower extremity loading during pedalling
Čadová M., Vilímek M.
Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
|
2009
|
Vol. 11, nr 3
59-64
EN
The aim of this study is to determine how the use of physiological parameters of muscles is important. This work is focused on musculoskeletal loading analysis during pedalling adopting two approaches: without (1) and with (2) the use of physiological parameters of muscles. The static-optimization approach together with the inverse dynamics problem makes it possible to obtain forces in individual muscles of the lower extremity. Input kinematics variables were examined in a cycling experiment. The significant difference in the resultant forces in one-joint and two-joint muscles using the two different approaches was observed.
12
Content available remote Ocena sprawności i cech motorycznych studentów Politechniki Śląskiej w oparciu o pomiary maksymalnych momentów sił mięśniowych kończyny dolnej
Ścibska E., Pyrek R., Guzik A., Jurkojć J., Czapla K.
Aktualne Problemy Biomechaniki
|
2007
|
z. 1
183--189
PL
W referacie zostały przedstawione wyniki badań maksymalnych momentów sił mięśniowych stawu kolanowego w warunkach skurczu izometrycznego. Badania zostały przeprowadzone na grupie studentów Politechniki Śląskiej.
EN
Measurement method of motor features carried out with the help of measuring position dedicated to isometric exercises was described in the paper. Measurement position, groups of examined people and results of research were described. Lower limbs were subjected to analyse. Moments of muscle forces during isometric contraction were measured.
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