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The multidisciplinary integration of knowledge, approaches and tools: toward the sensory human experience centres

Masullo Massimiliano, Maffei Luigi

Vibrations in Physical Systems

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2022

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Vol. 33, nr 1

art. no. 2022108

EN

The technological progress of the last decades has significantly contributed to the development and innovation of several areas, such as engineering, architecture, and medicine, providing new possibilities to measure, control, simulate and assess most of the physical phenomena of the environment, and the corresponding reactions of the individuals. This has shifted the attention of researchers toward the need to understand, in depth, the mechanisms which influence the perception and well-being of humans in complex environments (e.g., cities, urban parks). In this light, it can be expected that the first-person experiences will be assumed as the new frontier of future decision-making and design processes, as they may involve representatives of local communities and groups of interest. This approach leads to a multidisciplinary integration and contamination of the scientific competencies for all research groups involved in the so-called holistic research. Overcoming the concept of noise that has dominated until the end of the last century and considering the environmental sounds as a 'resource' rather than a 'waste', with the introduction of the Soundscape approach, psychologists and sociologists have provided several tools (e.g., questionnaires, scales, tasks) to measure the perceptual, emotional, and cognitive reactions of the individuals when they are exposed to the sounds. Different multidisciplinary research groups are involved in studies that adopt, refine, or propose new investigation tools, to assess, modify and manage the sound of cities, and their effects on the satisfaction and well-being of the population. Moreover, the huge development of miniaturised and powerful hardware and software of the last decade allowed the reconstruction of audio-visual scenarios with a very high degree of realism and the possibility of interacting ecologically with the virtual environment in a fully functional immersive experience. The recent possibility to measure the physiological and neurological reactions of the individuals has opened a further road to extend the knowledge about the effects of noise and the weight of the other physical factors on the populations. A scheme of Sensory Human Experience Centres, where approaches, tools, competencies of various disciplines are integrated, is presented. These kinds of centres could represent, in future, the places where they concentrate the selection and validations of design alternatives (e.g., product, building, city and infrastructure scale) at the local and national levels.

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Architektura – współczesna hybrydyzacja profesji

Achramowicz Radosław

Pretekst

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2020

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Nr 10

9--17

PL

Od początku XXI wieku w architekturze obserwuje się proces przełamywania barier względem bliźniaczej dyscypliny – designu. Na naszych oczach dokonuje się hybrydyzacja zawodów architekta i projektanta oraz zmiana sposobu myślenia o budynkach i przedmiotach. Architekci z jednej strony adoptują cyfrowe metody projektowo– produkcyjne, a z drugiej odkrywają „na nowo” metody tradycyjne, pochodzące z różnych dziedzin projektowania czy sztuki. Zapowiedź coraz powszechniejszej multidyscyplinarności można było odnaleźć już w pierwszej połowie XX wieku, m.in. u Buckminstera Fullera, który postulował zaistnienie wszechstronnego projektanta, będącego syntezą artysty, wynalazcy, mechanika, obiektywnego ekonomisty i ewolucyjnego stratega. Blisko temu do starogreckiego pojęcia ho–tekton, którym określano m.in. św. Józefa. Ho–tekton to mistrz w rzemiośle, alchemic–metalurg, pracujący w kamieniu i drewnie, budujący domy i śluzy, naprawiający drzwi i siodła. Czyż więc zwrot ku multidyscyplinarności architektów jest czymś nowym?

EN

Since the beginning of the 21st century, a process of breaking down barriers can be observed within architecture, in relation to its sister discipline – design. Before our eyes, hybridisation of these two professions is occurring and the way of thinking about buildings and objects is changing. On the one hand, architects adopt digital design and production methods, and on the other, they “rediscover” traditional methods coming from various fields of design or art. The foreshadowing of an increasingly widespread multidisciplinary can be found as early as in the first half of the 20th century, among others in Buckminster Fuller, who postulated the existence of a comprehensive designer, being the synthesis of artist, inventor, mechanic, objective economist and evolutionary strategist. It is close to the ancient Greek concept of ho–tekton, which was used to describe, among others, St. Joseph. Ho tekton is a master craftsman, an alchemist – metallurgist, working in stone and wood, building houses and sluices, repairing doors and saddles. Therefore, is the turn towards multidisciplinary of the architects something new?

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Extensions Interdisciplinary Physics

Manolea D.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2014

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Vol. 7

77--83

EN

The study explores the interdisciplinary nature of Physics. Envisages feature of this open science, and finally focuses on illustrating the close relations that Physics maintains and develops the other sciences. It shows that Physics borrows its methods and language, biology, chemistry, technical disciplines, astronomy. Biology, chemistry, astronomy, technical disciplines, provide physics, mainly, the research subject. Mathematics provides physics methods and the language, taking itself from physics the research theme.

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The Effect of an Ergonomic Intervention on Musculoskeletal, Psychosocial and Visual Strain of VDT Entry Work: Organization and Methodology of the International Study

Dainoff M. J., Aaras A., Horgen G., Konarska M., Larsen S., Thoresen M., Cohen B. G. F.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2005

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Vol. 11, No. 1

9--23

EN

This special issue of the International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics (JOSE) reports the results from an extensive multinational and multidisciplinary collaborative investigation of the impacts on visual display terminal (VDT) work of musculoskeletal, visual, ergonomic, and psychosocial factors. For brevity, this effort has been referred to as the MEPS project musculoskeletal-eyestrain-psychosocial-stress). This paper lays out the basic methodological structure of the study. The study was conducted in 4 countries utilizing VDT data entry workers as the primary subject population. A battery of objective and subject assessment measures, including muscle load, visual function, physical and visual strain, postural, ergonomic and psychosocial factors, were assessed at 3 different points in time. A pre-test was given prior to an ergonomic intervention. Two posttests were given 1 month and 1 year after the ergonomic intervention.

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Strategies of International Cooperation in an International Project: Advantages and Pitfalls

Dainoff M. J., Aaras A., Ro O., Cohen B. G. F.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2005

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Vol. 11, No. 1

3--8

EN

The MEPS (musculoskeletal—eyestrain—psychosocial—stress) study involved an extensive degree of multidisciplinary and multicultural cooperation. The objective was to examine the effects of multiple ergonomic interventions on visual, musculoskeletal, postural, and psychosocial outcomes amongst operators of visual display terminals (VDTs). The inherent complexity of a comprehensive ergonomic investigation requires participation of researchers from a variety of disciplines, as well as comparisons among populations with different geographical and cultural backgrounds. The design and execution of the resulting research protocol presents a number of challenges. This paper discusses the advantages and pitfalls associated with multidisciplinary multinational cooperation. Advantages include the necessity for development of a common language and perspective providing a basis for future collaboration. Pitfalls include logistic and coordination difficulties associated with conducting standardized procedures in different locations, as well as the inherent potential for professional conflict. It is argued that such pitfalls ought to be understood and integrated into the project planning process.