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EN
The article presented the results of periodic geodetic measurements, which embraced both the land surface and buildings in the zone of commencing mining exploitation. Classical geodetic measurements (levelling and tachymetric) were carried out in order to determine the size and nature of the mining ground deformation, the pace of change and their impact on the existing building development. The final results of the surface deformation were also compared with the forecasts prepared by the mine. The measurements lasted 13 months. During that period 19 measurement cycles were performed.
2
Content available remote The cause analysis of benchmark movements in the city of Wroclaw
EN
In the paper interpretation of the ground surface vertical movements on the area of Wroclaw have been presented. The vertical movements have been determined analysing tbe resuIts of precise levelling network (1st, 2nd and 3rd class) measurements realized between 1968 and 1999. The ground surface movements have been presented considering potential factors responsible and conditions of their occurrence such as geological and hydrogeological background. The 1998 modernization of the Wroclaw levelling network was used to update the catalogue of benchmark elevations. The elevations became outdated during the 30-years since the earlier measurement of the network in 1968. The benchmark changes range from -71mm to +24 mm.The issues presented in this article concentrate on the analysis of the causes for benchmark movements. Geology, geotechnical and hydro-geological conditions of the Wroclaw area have been taken into consideration. Particular attention has been given to vertical movements of the ground surface in concentrated industrial areas and movements modelling with Finite Element Method (FEM).
EN
Composite tectonic structure of the Holy Cross Mountains originated as a result of multiple tectonic movements dating from Cambrian till Quaternary. The movements had different intensity in the northern (Łysogóry Block and southern (Kielce Block) parts of the area. The Caledonian and Variscan movements formed the fault-block structure with prevalent WNW–ESE directions, while the Alpine movements — disrupted the older units with transpressive slip translocations along already existing longitudinal faults. All the deformations occurred within an anorogenic area — a sinking, fragmented margin of the East European Platform.
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