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Spreading of alien plant species along tourist tracks in Karkonosze Mts.

Wasiłowska A.

Polish Journal of Ecology

1999

Vol. 47, no 4

399-408

Investigations of plants growing along rarely frequented paths in the region of Mumlawski Wierch (1219 m a.s.l.) and a busy tourist track leading onto Szrenica Mt. (1362 m a.s.l.) were performed. An analysis was made of a distance to which the species brought by tourists may invade spruce forest communities. It was found that number of non-indigenous species ( phytocenotically foreign to the natural forest communities of Karkonosze Mts.) depends primarily on intensity of tourist traffic. In the region of Mumlawski Wierch waysides were not colonised by the non-native species, whereas along the way to Szrenica Mt. a lot of alien species were recorder. These were mostly synanthropic species as well as species typical of meadows and grasslands, and all of them belonged exclusively to apophytes. Furthermore, it has been revealed that possibilities of those plants to grow along waysides; a distance of their penetration into communities of spruce forests depends on the degree of tree cover destruction.

Changes of herb-layer vegetation in mountain spruce forests under the influence of industrial pollution and the forest decline

Wasiłowska A.

Polish Journal of Ecology

1999

Vol. 47, no 4

381-398

The studies were carried out in the region of two peaks (Mumlawski Wierch 1219 m a.s.l. and Szrenica Mt. 1362 m a.s.l.) in the Karkonosze Mts (south-western Poland). As a consequence of deforestation of the area studied, herb-layer vegetation has been altered. This consists in e.g. changes in quantitative proportions among components of the plants, gradual diminishing of dicotyledonous forest species, and an increase in participation of grasses (Deschampsia caespitosa and Calamagrostis villosa) in the communities. Range of these changes depends on how long ago an area was devoid of forest. However, the effects of such transformations are not irreversible. Within the spruce saplings overgrowing the deforested areas, regeneration of typically forest herb-layer vegetation has been observed.