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Analysis of motorcyclist’s body movement during a motorcycle impact against a motor car side

Prochowski L., Pusty T.

Journal of KONES

2013

Vol. 20, No. 4

371--379

The motorcyclist’s body motion following a motorcycle impact against a motor car side is determined by a system of forces and reactions acting on the rider’s body. An analysis of this motion was carried out, based on a research experiment. The related measurements and calculations were taken as a basis for an analysis of the dynamic loads; they also indicated the type and scope of the bodily injuries that may be incurred by the motorcyclist during a road accident. Based on the research experiment, the trajectory of motorcyclist’s head and torso and the course of contact between the motorcyclist’s body and the car were determined. The acceleration values having been obtained from the measurements were used for determining the displacements and changes in the angular position of motorcyclist’s head and torso. The research experiment confirmed the motorcyclist’s head to be the part of his/her body that undergoes the highest accelerations. The system of forces and reactions acting on motorcyclist’s body at the initial stage of the motion under consideration may lead to a situation dangerous to the motorcyclist where his/her head hits the edge of the car roof.

Analysis of the rotation and lifting of a motorcycle following an impact against a motor car side

Prochowski L., Pusty T.

Archiwum Motoryzacji

2012

Nr 4

13-29

An analysis of the course of a road accident where a motorcycle hit the side of a passenger car has been presented. The scope of the analysis was limited to the post-impact motorcycle movement at the initial stage of contact with the car. At this stage, the most important forms of this movement include rotation of the motorcycle around a variably located instantaneous centre and lifting of the rear end of the motorcycle. Based on an analysis (frame-by-frame) of the video record of the experiment and the acceleration values measured on the motorcycle frame, the parameters of motorcycle motion were determined for specific time instants. The trajectories of noteworthy motorcycle points after the motorcycle impact against the car have been shown. The parameters of motorcycle motion as determined from the experiment may provide a good basis for the road accident reconstruction process and for the analysis of the course of generation of injuries to motorcyclist's body. The course of the process of motorcycle rotation and lifting has crucial influence on the movement of motorcyclist's body and especially on the point of impact of motorcyclist's head against the car. The location of this point (side window, roof edge, roof panel) is critical for the type of the head injuries resulting from the accident.

Przedstawiono analizę przebiegu wypadku drogowego polegającego na uderzeniu motocykla w bok samochodu osobowego. Obszar analizy został ograniczony do pozderzeniowego ruchu motocykla w początkowej fazie kontaktu z samochodem. Wówczas jedną z ważnych form ruchu jest obrót motocykla wokół chwilowego środka o zmiennym położeniu oraz unoszenie jego tyłu. Na podstawie analizy filmu z eksperymentu (metodą klatka po klatce) oraz pomierzonych wartości przyspieszeń na ramie motocykla określono parametry tego ruchu w poszczególnych chwilach czasu. Pokazano trajektorię ruchu charakterystycznych punktów motocykla po jego uderzeniu w samochód. Wyznaczone parametry ruchu motocykla stanowić mogą dobrą podstawę do procesu rekonstrukcji wypadków drogowych i analizy powstawania obrażeń u motocyklisty. Przebieg procesu obracania i unoszenia motocykla ma zasadniczy wpływ na ruch ciała motocyklisty, a przede wszystkim na miejsce uderzenia jego głowy w samochód. Położenie tego miejsca (szyba boczna, krawędź dachu, dach) silnie wpływa na charakter obrażeń głowy, które powstają w czasie wypadku.